稀土在Ni/MH电池中应用研究  

Research of Application of Rare Earth in Ni/MH Battery

作　　者：于涛[1] 翟玉春[1] 闫永恒 

机构地区：[1]东北大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [2]辽宁九夷三普电池有限公司,辽宁沈阳110015

出　　处：《稀土》2006年第4期83-85,95,共4页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家863电动汽车项目部分基金资助(2003AA501300)

摘　　要：综述了稀土在N i/MH电池中的作用机理。贮氢合金中稀土的含量和组成改变合金的微晶结构,影响合金的吸放氢特性。镍电极中掺杂稀土添加剂一方面可以有效地提高析氧过电位,改善N i/MH电池高温性能。另一方面稀土的掺杂使N i(OH)2晶格发生畸变,改善材料的质子扩散性能,减少电化学反应阻抗。此外,电解液中引入稀土化合物,可增大电极表面的活性中心。阐述了稀土是改善N i/MH电池性能的一种有效的活性材料和添加剂。Behaviors and mechanisms of RE in nickel--metal hydride （Ni/MH）batteries have been discussed. In this paper,the effects of contents and ingredients of RE in storage hydrogen alloys on structure of crystallite and characteristics of alloys absorbing/releasing hydrogen were reviewed. Addition of a mixture of RE to the nickel positive electrodes can obviously increase the oxygen evolution over--potential and improve high--temperature performance of Ni/MH batteries. In addition, adding RE can make aberrance of Ni（OH）2 crystal lattice, which can improve proton diffusion property and reduce resistance during electrochemical reaction. Moreover ,the active center in the surface of electrodes were extended by adding RE compounds in electrolyte. As a result ,RE is an effectively active materials and additives in Ni/MH batteries.

关 键 词：稀土 NI/MH电池 活性材料 添加剂 综述 

分 类 号：TM912.2[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]