三峡水域氮磷污染对水华暴发/消涨行为的协同影响  

Synergistic Effects by P and N Pollution to Fluctuation Behavior/Bloom of Algae along the Three-Gorges Valley

作　　者：刘信安[1] 湛敏[1] 罗彦凤[2] 郭圣文[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学化学化工学院 [2]重庆大学生物工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第8期1554-1559,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20377054);重庆大学研究创新实验项目(编号:19)

摘　　要：藻类生长/消退与藻类对氮、磷的吸收比率ω1和ω2相关,ωi正/负增长分别对应藻类生长时从水体中吸收氮磷的加速阶段和藻类分解时向水体释放氮磷的消退阶段,在特定磷氮比(P/N)范围出现ω1和ω2同时突变有可能从理论上解释水华的暴发/消退.根据三峡流域实测数据和藻类吸收氮磷的关联函数,在三维空间表征了随氮磷浓度协同作用导致的ω1和ω2在特定P/N区域同时突变所揭示出的水华暴发/消退现象,从而直观、合理地解释了:①适当的P/N范围才可能暴发水华;②如果P/N区间同时满足ω1和ω2正向急剧增长的要求,藻类疯长,而ω1和ω2同时朝负值方向急剧降低,水华消退;③水华暴发/消退的速率为同一数量级,且水华暴发/消退在氮、磷浓度达到某一敏感范围时将表现出明显的周期性振荡.这些性态可能更真实地反映出水华暴发/消退时藻类对营养盐的吸收/释放机理.Absorption rate coefficient of algae ωi to nutrients such as N and P could be used for describing algal increases/decreases velocity in water areas in theory, ωi raise might correspond to algal quickly growth and to ccelerate absorption of N and P while ωi decrease might correspond to algal decompose and release of N and P. According to locale measuring data along the Three-Gorges valley and algal dynamics model of nutritious absorption we have obtained some interest 3-dimension figures in which ωi will varies up and down obviously with N and P concentration in special bound to show a synergistic effects of N and P that might reveal an inner behavior of algal bloom/decompose. The research results explain in reason：① algal blooms do will happen in one special P/N range in a certain water system; ② when ω1 and ω2 ascend rapidly and simultaneously in positive direction at same time algae would bloom, and when ω1 and ω2 descend sharply and simultaneously in negative direction at same time algae would decompose; ③ The velocity of algal bloom is not only same approximately as one of algal decompose, but also its variety has evidently periodic fluctuation. All of these could reveal effectively mechanism of nutritious absorption/release as algal bloom/decompose.

关 键 词：水华爆发/消退 吸收比率 磷氮比 协同作用 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]