芳香类有机物生成氯化消毒副产物特性及其与化学结构的关系  

DBPs Formation Characteristics in Chlorinating and Relationship with Chemical Structure of Some Aromatic Organic Matter

作　　者：王小文[1] 张晓健[1] 陈超[1] 郝晓飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第8期1603-1607,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50238020);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2002AA601140)

摘　　要：选择与腐殖酸有相似芳香结构的有机物进行氯化试验,测定其卤乙酸及三卤甲烷生成量,研究前体物化学结构与氯化消毒副产物生成特性的关系.结果表明:①主要卤乙酸生成活性排序为:对羟基苯甲酸>4-氨基苯乙酮>邻苯二酚>间苯二酚;主要三卤甲烷生成活性排序为:间苯二酚>4-氨基苯乙酮>2-羟基-4-氨基甲苯>对羟基苯甲酸.②卤乙酸的前期氯化反应速度排序为:间苯二酚>4-氨基苯乙酮>对羟基苯甲酸>邻苯二酚;三卤甲烷的前期氯化反应速度排序为:对羟基苯甲酸>2-羟基-4-氨基甲苯>间苯二酚>4-氨基苯乙酮.③对位或邻位取代基结构物质以生成卤乙酸为主;间位取代基结构物质以生成三卤甲烷为主.④苯环上羟基官能团生成消毒副产物的活性最高,酮基官能团次之;氨基官能团主要起到与其它活性官能团形成对位、邻位或间位结构的辅助作用;醛基和羧基官能团为惰性官能团;甲基官能团的作用有待深入考察.Some organic matter that have aromatic structure similar as humic acid are selected to conduct chlorination test, determined the formation of HAAs ＆ THMs of tested matters, researched the relationship of the chemical structure of DBPFP with DBPs formation characteristics. The results indicated that： ① The sequence of HAAs formation activity is p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 〉 p- Aminoacetophenone〉 o-Benzenediol 〉 m-Benzenediol; and THMs＇ s is m-Benzenediol 〉 p-Aminoacetophenone 〉 2-Hydroxy-p- aminoacetophenone〉 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid. ②The sequence of earlier chlorination reaction rate of HAAs is m-Benzenediol 〉 p- Aminoacetophenone〉 p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 〉 o-Benzenediol; and THMs＇ s is p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 〉 2-Hydroxy-p- aminoacetophenone〉 m-Benzenediol〉 p-Aminoacetophenone. ③The substances that having the substituent group structure of para ＆ ortho position are mostly format HAAs, and one＇s of having meta position are mostly format THMs. ④On the benzene ring, hydroxyl group has the highest activity of forming DBPs, and the second is ketone group; amino-group is play a part of auxiliary forming para, ortho or meta position structure mainly; aldehyde and carboxyl group are inert function group; the function of methyl group is remain to be determined.

关 键 词：芳香类有机物 氯化活性 卤乙酸 三卤甲烷 化学结构 

分 类 号：R123.6[医药卫生—环境卫生学]