清代的坟山争讼——以徐士林《守皖谳词》为中心  

Lawsuits of the Ancestral Grave in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张小也[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法律史学研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第4期88-94,共7页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在清代,坟山的内涵丰富,意义重大,有关坟山的争讼也是田土纠纷当中表现最为激烈的一类。清代法律中虽有条例规定“控争远年坟山,定例以山地字号、亩数及库贮鳞册、完粮印单为凭,其远年旧契及碑谱等项均不得执为凭据”,但是地方官员仍然多按照民间习惯,以族谱、墓碑、契约作为审理的依据。乾隆朝名吏徐士林在任安庆府知府期间,留有内容丰富的判牍《守皖谳词》,其中记载了他审理过的大量坟山诉讼案,这些诉讼案反映了清代坟山争讼中的很多关键问题。清代坟山之争中的种种复杂矛盾以及地方官员的策略反映了当时土地权利的特点,亦与国家统治基层社会的方式密切相关。The lawsuits of the ancestral graves were the most complicated civil conflicts in the Qing dynasty. But there were no accurate rules in law code to solve the problems, and officials used to follow the folk habits. This type of justice was based on the property of land and the relationship between the country and the society in the Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：祖先 风水 管业 民间习惯 司法审判 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]