饲养密度和鸡笼局部遮光对肉种鸡产蛋期行为与福利的影响  

The Influence of Density and a Partially Shadowed Layer on the Behaviour and Welfare of Broiler Breeders in Battery Cages During Laying

作　　者：赵阳[1] 赵亚军[2] 李保明[1,3] 施正香[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农业建筑与环境工程系 [2]中国农业大学农业部设施农业生物环境工程重点开放实验室 [3]中国农业大学农业部设施农业生物环境工程重点开放实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2006年第4期433-440,共8页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：北京市教育委员会共建项目建设计划(XK100190550);中国农业大学教育部"211"二期工程建设项目

摘　　要：用行为录像记录分析仪(TheObserverVideo-Pro,Noldus)观察和测定肉种鸡在产蛋期行为的变化。对两种不同饲养密度(或者空间供给单鸡笼组,1600cm2/只;双鸡笼组,800cm2/只)及鸡笼后部局部遮光与对照组进行比较实验结果表明,单鸡笼组肉种鸡的转身、挠头等行为均显著多于双鸡笼组,而展翅行为显著少于双鸡笼组;遮光组的肉种鸡采食行为显著多于未遮光组;遮光单鸡笼组肉种鸡,其产蛋行为趋向选择暗光区域。研究提示,虽然密度对蛋鸡行为的效应大于遮光的效应,但是局部遮光能够在一定程度上增加盒式笼养鸡的环境丰富度,降低密度增大引起的拥挤效应,可能缓解其较差的福利状态。This study compared the behavioural differences of broiler breeders reared under two different densities （Singly-caged： 1 600 cm^2 per hen; Paired： 800 cm^2 per hen）, and in shadowed cages with a half-covering layer on their tops versus controls in order to evaluate the laying preferences of the species in dark versus light regions. The results showed that singly-caged broiler breeders displayed turn-around and head-scratch behaviours more than paired breeders, while singly-caged breeders presented wing-flap behaviours less than paired breeders. Single and paired breeders spent both more time eating in cages which were partially covered than those in control cages. Singly-caged breeders were more likely to lay in the dark region in shadowed cages than paired breeders. These results suggested that broiler breeders ex- hibited normal behaviours more often when raised in a larger living space and in shadowed cages. Although stocking densi- ty has more impact on behaviour and welfare for broiler layers than light environment, being shadowed can reduce overcrowding effect and may alleviate the worse welfare appearance for caged broiler breeders.

关 键 词：肉种鸡 盒式鸡笼 饲养密度 局部遮光 环境丰富度 行为与福利 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]