5738例狂犬病暴露者流行病学监测分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of 5,738 Persons Injured by Animals

作　　者：朱理业[1] 周华涛[1] 刘奇泉[1] 丁振涛[1] 万俊峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]阜阳市疾病预防控制中心,安徽阜阳236006

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2006年第6期365-366,394,共3页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究5738例狂犬病暴露者有关资料，为控制狂犬病的发生与流行提供科学依据。方法对两个狂犬病门诊监测点2005年被动物伤害就诊者（以下称“暴露者”）的资料进行流行病学分析。结果两个门诊2005年共收治5738例暴露者；流行地区以农村为主，占66．02％；1～12月份均有发生，4～8月份最多，占57．11％；各年龄组均有暴露，最大年龄82岁，最小年龄6月龄，以0～14岁组为主，占42．20％。男女之比1．46：1。暴露部位以下肢为主，占58．16％；咬伤程度，以Ⅱ度为主，占75．24％；伤口及时处理占67．04％。伤人动物以犬为主，占总数的85．62％。犬免疫率为1．97％。结论狂犬病暴露人群以犬伤为主，少儿为重点暴露人群。加强防病知识宣传，加强对宿主动物的管理，减少暴露机会，规范处理伤口及疫苗免疫，是减少发病的主要措施。Objective In order to provide scientific basis for rabies control and prevention. Method Data in 2005 from two rabies clinics were analyzed. Results 5738 injured persons were treated in the two clinics in 2005. Most of them were from countryside, accounted for 66.02%. The injured persons occurred from January to December. Most occurred in the period from April to August, accounted for 57.1%. The injured persons occurred in all age groups, the maximum age 82 years old, the smallest age 6 month. The injured person from 0 - 14 age group was more than other age group, accounted for 42.20%. Ratio of the male and female was 1.46： 1. The lower llmb was main injured site, accounted for 58.16% ; Bite degree was mainly Ⅱ, accounted for 75.24% ; Wound prompt processing accounted for 67.04%. Dog was main attacking animal, accounted for 85.62%. The dog immunization rate was only 1.97%. Conclusion Dog was main attacking animal. Children were the key population. We should strengthen propaganda about rabies prevention and animal management so as to reduce the exposed opportunity, meanwhile, the wound processing and the vaccine immunity should be improved in order to reduce rabies incidence.

关 键 词：狂犬病 暴露者 流行病学 监测 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学] R18[医药卫生—临床医学]