固体酸/碱和引发剂促进渣油轻质化的初步研究  

Improvement of residue by hydrocracking with solid acid,solid base and radical initiators

作　　者：石斌[1] 任振东[1] 门秀杰[1] 方日强 阙国和[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学化工学院重质油加工国家重点实验室,山东东营257061 [2]中国石油河南销售分公司,河南郑州450053

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2006年第4期434-438,共5页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：中石油中青年创新基金(05E7030)

摘　　要：在塔河常渣悬浮床加氢转化体系中,外加固体酸、固体碱和自由基引发剂的方法用于促进渣油轻质化。结果发现,固体酸USY、HY和固体碱CaO、MgO不同程度地改变了渣油加氢裂化反应的生焦率和裂化转化率,其中对于生焦率的促进效果明显。自由基引发剂偶氮二异丁腈和过氧化特二丁基显著改变了塔河常渣裂化产物分布,有效地促进了渣油热裂化反应。渣油加氢裂化产物中气体收率和生焦率略有增加,裂化产物收率明显上升,尾油收率明显下降。随着自由基引发剂质量分数的增加,上述变化趋势更加明显。低温下自由基引发剂的改善效果明显优于在较高温度下的的改善效果。就以上两种引发剂相比,过氧化特二丁基的作用明显优于偶氮异丁腈。Tahe naphthenic-base atmospheric residue was catalytically-hydrocracked in a magnetic-stirred autoclave with oil-soluble MoDTC. The two solid acids （USY and HY）, two solid bases （CaO and MgO） and two radical initiators （2, 2＇-Azo-bis-isobutylonitrile and bi-tert-butyl peroxide） have been introduced into the system to improve the hydrocracking of residue. It is found that the solid additives including the acids and bases could considerably increase the cracking conversion and coke formation, especially the later. The initiators AIBN and BBPO could greatly improve the hydrocracking conversion of the residue so that the yields of cracking products increase and the coke yields hardly increase. The effects of the radical initiators at lower reaction temperature are better than that at higher temperature. The improvement with BBPO is more remarkable than that with AIBN.

关 键 词：渣油改质 加氢裂化 分散型催化剂 生焦 自由基引发剂 固体酸 固体碱 添加剂 裂化 

分 类 号：TE624.432[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]