人工降雨条件下施加粉煤灰对耕作土壤结构和水土流失的影响研究  

Effects of farming soil treated with fly-ash on soil structure and erosion through artificial rainfall simulation

作　　者：段喜明[1] 吴普特[2] 王春红[1] 冯浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,太谷030801 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第8期50-53,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技项目(96-004-05-06)第一子专题"流域综合治理与有限水分高效利用技术体系研究"

摘　　要：利用人工模拟降雨试验，研究了0°～20°坡度下的耕作土壤施加0～10％的粉煤灰后，对土壤结构和入渗、产流、产沙的影响。研究结果表明：随农田耕作层中粉煤灰含量的增加，土壤入渗速率明显加快，含10％粉煤灰土壤的入渗速率，较对照（土壤不加粉煤灰）提高了55．34％；施加粉煤灰降低了土壤容重，增加了土壤孔隙度，含10％粉煤灰的土壤，在10°坡时的容重较对照减小了17．42％，而孔隙度提高了9．84％；坡面产流量和土壤流失量降低，含10％粉煤灰的土壤，在20°坡时的产流量仅为对照的26．87％。因此，施加10％的粉煤灰，可有效改善土壤结构和蓄水减沙，具有较高的实用价值。Through artificial rainfall simulation, the farming soil structure and infiltration, water and sediment yields were studied under different slopes from 0° to 20° and different contents of fly-ash from 0 to 10%. Results show that with the increase of fly-ash content in the farming soil, the soil infiltration rate accelerates obviously. The infiltration rate of farming soil with fly-ash of 10% improves by 55.34% than that of the contrast（soil without fly-ash）. The soil bulk density decreases and the soil porosity increases after adding fly-ash. Compared with the contrast, the bulk density of farming soil with fly-ash of 10% reduces by 17.42%, and the porosity improves by 9.84% at 10° slope. The runoff yield and soil losses decrease. The runoff yield of farming soil with fly-ash of 10%, accounts for 26.87% of that of the contrast at 20° slope. Therefore, after exerting 10% fly-ash in the cultivated soil layers, the soil structure can be improved effectively, and the runoff and sediment are intercepted, which have higher practical value.

关 键 词：人工降雨 粉煤灰 耕作土壤结构 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]