人股直肌肌内神经分布和神经入肌点定位研究  

The distribution of intramuscular nerves and the nerve entering point in human rectus femoris.

作　　者：张洪武[1] 薛黔[1] 杨方玖[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院人体解剖学教研室,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《遵义医学院学报》2006年第2期111-113,共3页Journal of Zunyi Medical University

基　　金：教育部科学技术重点项目基金(地方02136)

摘　　要：目的查清人股直肌肌内神经分布,测定神经入肌点,为临床外科提供肌形态学资料。方法用大体解剖法观察20具尸体股直肌的形态学特点,并以髂前上棘为骨性标志,定位股直肌神经入肌点;用改良Sihler’s肌内神经染色法,探讨5具童尸股直肌肌内神经分支分布。结果股直肌是由短肌纤维和肌内腱板构成的羽肌。股直肌有2支一级神经支支配,神经行于肌内腱板两侧,分别支配肌的外上部和内下部。股直肌外上部、内下部的神经入肌点分别距髂前上棘10.23±0.97cm和14.48±1.12cm。结论①股直肌有2支一级神经支支配,神经支配有一定的区域性。②股直肌肌内神经的分支分布与肌构筑学特点有关。③股直肌的神经入肌点集中在股前部上2/5区内。Objective The purpose of this study was to provide a morphologic basis for clinical application by determining the pattern of intramuscular nerve branch within rectus femoris （RF）and by measuring the nerve entering point to muscle. Methods Morphological character of RF was studied by using the gross-anatomy from 25 human adult cadavers. The location of the nerve entering point to muscle was measured by the sign of anterior superior iliae spine. Modified Sihler＇s neural staining technique was used to observe the intramuscular nerve branch pattern in children cadavers. Results RF was a kind of penniform muscle which was composed of short faseiele and intramuscular tendon board. RF had 2 primary branches entered the muscle from the inside of intramuscular tendon board and branched into several secondary branches which distributed to lateral superior portion and medial inferior portion, respectively. The nerve entering point in human RF laid 10.23±0.97cm and 14.48±1.12cm below anterior superior iliae spine, respectively. Conclusions ①RF had two primary branches distributed to certain region. ②The intramuscular nerve branch pattern had a close relation to characteristic of the muscular architecture. ③The nerve entering point in human RF centralized mainly in the superior 2/5 of the thigh.

关 键 词：肌内神经 神经入肌点 股直肌 人 

分 类 号：R322.85[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]