基于语料库学生英语中的语义韵对比研究  

A Corpus-based Contrastive Study of Semantic Prosodies in Leaner English

作　　者：卫乃兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200030

出　　处：《外语学刊》2006年第5期50-54,共5页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目02BYY016"语料库技术在外语教学中的应用"的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文采用基于语料库的“中间语对比研究”方法,研究中国学生英语中的语义韵特征。基于语料,文章提出学生英语中的典型搭配、中间语搭配和异常搭配三个概念。典型搭配显示较强的搭配规约和语义韵和谐特征;中间语搭配有违搭配规约,与语义韵不尽和谐;异常搭配则违反或破坏搭配规约,显现语义韵冲突,导致语用错误。研究表明,“语义选择趋向”是制约搭配词选择、形成语义韵和搭配规约的强有力机制。文章揭示利用英语本族语语料库和学习者语料库对比、概括、描述、诊断学生英语的词语组合及其错误的一般方法。This paper is a Corpus-based Contrastive Study of the semantic prosodic features of the lexical combinations in the Chinese learners' English production. The study shows that there exist three major types of word combinations in the learners' interlanguage, including typical collocations, interlanguage collocations and unusual collocations. The typical collocation reveals strong conventionality and noticeable prosodic harmony. The interlanguage collocation breaches the conventionality and weakens the prosodic harmony. The unusual collocation violates the conventionality and also causes a prosodic clash as well as a functional infelicity. The study shows that the semantic preference of a node word is a powerful mechanism which controls the choice of its collocates to appear in the context. The paper argues that collocational acceptability is no less important than grammatical acceptability in second language learning. It has indicated that the Corpus-based Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis is a useful approach for the description and diagnosis of second language learners' errors.

关 键 词：语义选择趋向 搭配规约 语义韵和谐 中间语搭配 异常搭配 功能适切 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]