家蚕细胞遗传学及其应用  

Cytogenetics and Application in Domesticated Silkworm Bombyx mori

作　　者：李维[1] 葛方兰[1] 叶德萍[1] 雷佳红[1] 黄敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学生命科学学院,成都610066

出　　处：《遗传》2006年第9期1167-1172,共6页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础研究项目(编号:2004kj-2)~~

摘　　要：由于家蚕染色体数目较多、着丝粒弥散,在较长时期内,家蚕染色体识别、核型分析、染色体结构和功能的研究都受到很大限制。近年来,应用比较基因组杂交、基因组原位杂交、基于细菌人工染色体克隆的原位杂交技术建立了家蚕的细胞学图,综合分子连锁图构建高密度的细胞遗传学图已成为可能。分子细胞遗传学的应用正在推动家蚕染色体结构和功能的研究,揭示出家蚕W染色体密集地分布着嵌套结构的逆转座子,染色体端粒由重复序列(TTAGG)n以及端粒特异的非长末端逆转座子TRAS1和SART1组成,TRAS1、SART1具有较高的转录活性,可能与维持染色体的稳定性有关。Chromosome identification and karyotype analyses of Bombyx mori （Lepidoptera） have long been hampered by the high number and the absence of suitable markers, such as centromeric position and chromosome bands. Recently, the cytological map has been constructed using comparative genomic hybridization-genomic in situ hybridization and BAC-based fluorescence in situ hybridization. Dense cytogenetic maps are being constructed by integrating cytological map with molecular linkage maps. Molecular and cytogenetics will help us to reveal the structure and function of chromosome of Bombyx mori, the W chromosome is composed largely of dense nested retrotransposons, and telomeres are consist of the TTAGG motifs and two type of telomere-specific non-LTR retrotransposons （TRAS1 and SART1）, the TRAS1 and SART1 with abundant transcription activity may be involved in the stabilization of chromosomal ends.

关 键 词：家蚕 染色体 细胞遗传学 荧光原位杂交(FISH) 

分 类 号：S881.26[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] Q78[农业科学—畜牧兽医]