酶活性设计的新方法——半理性设计  

Using a new approach to engineer enzyme activity——semi-rational design

作　　者：王凡业[1] 薛文漪[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化工学院,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《应用化工》2006年第8期634-636,共3页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题(20176019)

摘　　要：许多研究小组利用整基因随机突变形成和重组方法，已成功的进行了酶的定向进化。酶工程的最新进展就是使这些定向进化的方法相结合，并与理性酶修饰方法的要素随机结合，通过各种组合选择出适合的方法来避免定向进化和理性设计的限制。半理性方法是以多个特定的残基为靶标在结构或功能知识的基础上突变构建简洁库，它更有希望得到正确的结果。突变体的高效抽样可能对酶功能有影响，随着底物选择性和特异性的提高，及其在已知的结构中经过重新设计使酶活性有了显著提高，这种高效抽样可被引入实验，当规模较大时它会被引入计算机方法。Many research groups successfully rely on whole-gene random mutagenesis and recombination approaches for the directed evolution of enzymes. Recent advances in enzyme engineering have used a combination of these random methods of directed evolution with elements of rational enzyme modification to successfully by-pass certain limitations of both directed evolution and rational design. Semi-rational approaches that target multiple, specific residues to mutate on the basis of prior structural or functional knowledge create‘ smart＇ libraries that are more likely to yield positive results. Efficient sampling of mutations likely to affect enzyme function has been conducted to both experiment and on a much greater scale,computation ,with remarkable improvements in substrate selectivity and specificity and in the redesign of enzyme activities within known structure.

关 键 词：酶 半理性方法 定向进化 随机突变 理性设计 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]