全植物纤维复合材料的生物降解性能研究  

Biodegradability of All-plant Fiber Composites

作　　者：容敏智[1] 卢殉 章明秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]聚合物复合材料及功能材料教育部重点实验室中山大学材料科学研究所,广东广州510275

出　　处：《中国塑料》2006年第8期64-68,共5页China Plastics

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金重点项目(04105494);广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(20003038)

摘　　要：研究了一种全天然植物纤维复合材料在纤维素酶和自然土埋作用下,复合材料的失重和力学性能的变化。以氯代氰乙基化植物纤维为基体树脂,剑麻纤维作为增强材料制备了复合材料,考察了该材料的纤维素酶降解(酶质量含量为1％)和土埋降解(6个月)特性,发现塑化木粉具有生物降解性,并且比原木粉具有更强的酶降解性,归因于塑化过程脱除了部分木质素,并扩大了植物纤维的分子结构；另一方面,复合材料层板也比塑化木模压板的酶和土埋降解性强,反映出剑麻纤维自身的降解。酶降解或土埋生物降解均可导致全植物纤维复合材料力学性能下降,表明这类复合材料保持了植物纤维的生物降解性。By means of cyanoethylation and chlorination, wood sawdust was converted into a thermoplastic material and was compounded with unidirectional continuous sisal fibers to generate a composite. Biodegradability of the composite was assessed by enzymolysis （cellulose-to-specimen weight ratio = 1% ） and soil burial （6 months）, respectively. The inherent biodegradability of the raw materials was found retained. The plasticized wood was more biodegradable than its precursor due to partial removal of certain amount of lignin and the expansion of inter-fiber distance during plasticization, the biodegradability also played a role. However, both enzymolysis and envirodegradation in soil resulted in reduction in mechanical properties.

关 键 词：生物降解 剑麻 塑化木粉 全植物纤维复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]