汽轮机转子温度场和热应力的动态分析  

Dynamic analysis on temperature field and thermal stress in steam turbine rotors

作　　者：王世锋[1] 韦元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《能源工程》2006年第4期22-25,33,共5页Energy Engineering

摘　　要：将空心的汽轮机转子简化成长圆筒壁模型,在一定的假设条件下得到了描述其导热特性的微分方程。利用复频域分析方法求解了长圆筒壁的一维动态导热特性,并根据热弹性理论得到了转子温度场和热应力的传递函数。进而对内表面绝热、外表面为阶跃温度输入和内、外表面都为阶跃温度输入的两种情况下转子温度场和热应力的变化进行了计算和分析。计算结果表明,采用对转子内、外表面同时加热或冷却的方法,能够在不增加热应力的条件下,加速转子达到温度平衡状态,有利于缩短汽轮机组的开停机时间,并提高跟踪机组负荷变化的灵活性。A long cylinder model for the hollow steam turbine rotor was presented. Under several assumptions, a partial differential equation that describes the heat conduction character of the model was achieved. Then the one-dimensional dynamic heat conduction character of long cylinder model was analyzed by using the plural frequency method. According to the thermal elasticity theory, transfer functions of temperature field and thermal stresses of the rotor were achieved. The change of temperature field and thermal stresses of the rotor was calculated on two different conditions. The first condition is that the inner surface is adiabatic and at the same time the temperature input of the outer surface is jump trend excitation, and the second condition is that the temperature input of the two surfaces are all jump trend excitations. Calculation result shows that the transition time of the rotor approaching temperature equilibrium is able to decrease extremely by using the method of heating or cooling the two surfaces simultaneously and the thermal stress is unchanged in this process. It has the advantages that the proposed model can help to decrease the running and pause time of steam turbine and increase the flexibility of tracking the changing of load.

关 键 词：汽轮机 转子 温度场 热应力 动态分析 传递函数 

分 类 号：TK263.61[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]