心理因素干预对健美操等级达标成绩的影响  

Influence of psychological factor intervention on the achievement of standard of the grade in the body building exercises

作　　者：林冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学体育学院,山东省烟台市264025

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第34期28-30,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:观察大学生在健美操训练和比赛中实施心理因素干预对等级达标成绩的影响效果。方法:选取鲁东大学体育学院2003级健美操专业的学生60人(男12人,女48人)。采取随机抽签法形式分组,分为实验组和对照组,每组30人。对照组根据教材进行常规教学,以健美操等级达标规定动作为主,教学时数每周2学时,时间为1年。实验组除按正常程序、相同教学时数,教学时间进行同等负荷的身体练习外,在训练的不同时期采用心理因素干预训练,具体内容包括:①表象训练。②念动训练。③模拟训练。④自我暗示训练。在心理干预训练中,着重强化任务、坚定信心的训练。指标测评包括:两组学生健美操动作熟练性结果;两组学生1min仰卧起坐和5min俯卧撑胸前击掌练习成绩和两组学生50m和800m跑速成绩。结果:实验组学生均坚持完成心理干预训练,与对照组均进入结果分析。①两组学生健美操动作熟练性结果:实验组学生整套动作停顿及中断频数均低于对照组,完成动作的正确性和熟练性方面明显优于对照组犤(1.04±0.68),(2.71±1.29)次,t=6.34,P<0.01犦;达标总成绩明显高于对照组犤(85.26±6.63),(80.81±9.41)分,t=2.203,P<0.05犦。②实验组学生心理干预训练后1min仰卧起坐成绩、5min俯卧撑胸前击掌练习成绩比干预前显著提高犤(30.47±4.92),(21.73±7.83)次/min,t=2.39,P<0.01犦;犤(30.16±2.94),(26.42±5.37),次/min,t=2.39,P<0.01犦;也明显高于对照组(28.35±6.24)次/min和(27.52±7.83)次/min。③实验组学生心理干预训练后50m和800m跑速成绩比干预前显著降低犤(8.75±5.02),(9.92±8.01)s,t=0.68,P<0.01犦;犤(219.46±14.16),(223.18±14.52)s,t=1.67,P<0.05犦;也明显高于对照组(9.04±4.83)s和(223.97±2.38)s。结论:心理干预训练能显著提高大学生成套健美操动作完成的稳定性、熟练性及达标成绩。提高人体的反应速度与身体的位移速度及动作力量。AIM： To observe effect of psychological factor and intervention on the achievement of standard of the grade in the body building exercises training and competition of university students. METHODS： A total of 60 persons specialized in body building exercises of College of Physical Education, Ludong University grade 2003 （12 males and 48 females） were selected. Random lottery form was adopted to divide into groups： experimental group and control group with 30 students in each group. The control group carried on the conventional teaching according to the teaching material, taking official exercise up to standard of the body building exercises grade as the core, teaching 2 study periods each week for 1 year. The experimental group except pressing the normal procedure, the same teaching hour, the teaching time carried on the same level load outside the bodily practice, used the psychological factor intervention training in the training different time outside teaching time carrying on equal health of load practice, adopted the psychological factor to intervene and train in different periods training, the concrete content included ①representation training, ②moving thetraining, ③simulation training, ④self-suggestion training. In the psychological intervention training, the duty should be strengthened and confidence training should be confirmed emphatically. The index determination included skillful results of body building exercises movement in the two groups, results of 1-minute situp and the 5-minute push-up chest handclap practice of two groups and results of 50-m and 800-m run of two groups. RESULTS： The students of experimental group conducted the psychological intervention training, and entered the result analysis with the control group. ①Skillful results of body building exercises movement in the two groups： The entire movement stop and the interrupt frequency in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. The accuracy and the skillful aspects were surpassed significa

关 键 词：阵育运动/体操 实施 心理干预 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]