居室内花岗岩石材放射性对亲代和子代小鼠的影响  

Preliminary study on influences of radioactivity of residential granite building materials upon parent mice and their offspring

作　　者：梁敏仪[1] 梁永禧 张锦宏[1] 朱蔚云[1] 黎银燕[1] 张松川 朱大明 李锦林 卢庆普 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院医学遗传与细胞生物学教研室,510182 [2]广州市环境监测中心站

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2006年第4期351-355,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：广州市建设科技发展基金资助项目(200020)

摘　　要：目的初步探讨居室内花岗岩石材的放射性对小鼠生存和生殖的影响。方法用γ能谱分析方法按国家标准测定和筛选A、B、C、D4类放射性不同的花岗岩石材,并置放在小鼠饲养笼内。饲养期间用两种方法测量动物室的氡浓度。随机选择健康刚断奶的小鼠96只,分别置于4类放射性不同的动物饲养室内饲养120d,让其自然交配并生育后代。观察分析P代、F1代、F2代小鼠的生育和生存情况。结果4类小鼠饲养室的石材外照射指数比内照射指数高。小鼠饲养120d后,P代和F1代的受孕率、流产率和不育率各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0·05)。F1代各实验组间母鼠生育活仔鼠数差异有统计学意义(P<0·001),并随着小鼠饲养室内的放射性增高而幼鼠的存活数显著性下降(P<0·001)。结论动物饲养室内花岗岩石材放射性核素释放的γ射线对动物机体的影响较室内氡大;提示了花岗岩石材不同放射性对小鼠的生育和幼鼠的存活产生不同程度的影响。Objective To observe the effects of radioactivity of the residential granite building materials on the survival and fertility of mice. Methods The radioactivities of A, B, C, and D granite building materials were measured and screened by gamma-ray spectrometer, and then these materials were placed into the mice cages. The residential radon was measured with solid state nuclear track detectors and 24-hour continuous measurement. Ninety-six healthy and ablactated mice were randomly selected and put into the four animal cages with different levels of radioactivity, and fed for 120 days. Mice mated and bred naturally. The fertilities and survivals of P, F1 , and F2 generation were observed and analyzed. Results Extemal exposures in the four mice cages were higher than those from the intemal exposure. The differences of rates of pregnancy, abortion, and infertility between the P and F1 generations had no statistical significance among all the groups after being fed for 120 days （ P 〉 0.05）. There was significant difference among each group in the fertility of F1 generation （ P 〈 0.001 ）, and the survival rates of the offspring were decreased with increase of radioactivity in granite building materials （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusion Compared with the residential radon, the gamma rays released from the granite building materials had a greater influence on animals. The study suggested that different granite building materials had different influences on the survival and fertility of mice.

关 键 词：花岗岩石材 放射性 小鼠 Γ射线 室内氡 

分 类 号：Q691[生物学—生物物理学]