沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类摄食生理的影响  

Studies on the effects of suspended sediment on the feeding physiology of three suspension-feeding bivalves

作　　者：宋强[1] 方建光[1] 刘慧[1] 张继红[1] 王玲玲[1] 王巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2006年第4期21-28,共8页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30271021);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999012012)共同资助

摘　　要：采用室内模拟实验法研究了不同浓度的沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种经济贝类的滤水率、摄食率和吸收效率影响。结果表明,(1)沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类的滤水率、摄食率和吸收效率有明显的影响(P<0.05)。(2)在一定浓度范围内,3种贝类的滤水率和摄食率随沉积再悬浮颗粒物浓度的增大而增大,当再悬浮颗粒物浓度超过一定浓度后,滤水率和摄食率迅速下降。(3)实验期间(24h),随时间的变化,总悬浮颗粒物浓度为20～100mg/L时,3种滤食性贝类的滤水率呈现周期性的升降变化,总悬浮颗粒物对不同时间段3种贝类的滤水率的影响显著(P<0.05)。300和500mg/L时,总悬浮颗粒物对不同时间段栉孔扇贝和紫贻贝滤水率的影响不明显(P>0.05),而对菲律宾蛤仔滤水率的影响显著(P<0.05);在6～24h时间段,3种贝类的滤水值多次出现负值。(4)吸收效率随沉积再悬浮颗粒物浓度的增大而减小,与悬浮颗粒物有机质的百分含量的变化趋势相一致。本研究表明,沉积再悬浮颗粒物对3种滤食性贝类的摄食生理有显著的影响。Studies on the effects of suspended sediment particles on the feeding physiology （clearance rate CR, ingestion rate IR and absorption efficiency AE）of three suspension-feeding bivalves（ Chlarnys f erreri , Mytilus edulis and Ruditapes philippinarurn ）were conducted in laboratory with static system in October 2004. The results were as follows ： （1） Significant effects of TPM on CR, IR and AE were observed for the three species（P〈0.05）. （2）CR and IR of the three species increased with concentration rise of suspended sediment particles, but decreased sharply when the concentration exceeded a definite value（50 mg/I. for Chlamys ferreri and Ruditapes philippinarum; 100 mg/L for Mytilus galloprovincialis）. （3）If the total particle concentration increased from 20 to 100 mg/L, CR of the three species presented a periodic change during the experiment period（24 h）, and significant effects of TPM on CR were observed（P〈 0.05）. When the total suspended particle concentrations were 300 andS00 mg/L, however, the effects of TPM on CR were not significant for Chlamys ferreri and Mytilus galloprovincialis （P〈0.05）, but significant for Ruditapes philippinarum （P〈0. 05） ; in addition, negative CR values of the three species appeared repeatedly at the test stage of 6-24 h. 4）AE decreased with increase of suspended sediment particle concentration, which was in keeping with the trend of PCOM. The results of this experiment showed that TPM had significant effect on feeding physiology of the three suspension-feeding bivalves.

关 键 词：滤食性贝类 沉积再悬浮颗粒物 摄食生理 

分 类 号：Q959.210.5[生物学—动物学]