贝藻处理工厂化养殖废水的研究  

Studies on effluent water treatment in industrial culture with bivalves and macroalgae

作　　者：曲克明[1] 卜雪峰[1] 马绍赛[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2006年第4期36-43,共8页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2003AA623040)资助

摘　　要：研究了常见大型藻类对氮、磷营养盐的去除效果和贝类对悬浮颗粒物的去除效果。结果表明,石莼和海带在同样的实验条件下吸附氮、磷营养盐的效果明显高于鼠尾藻和马尾藻,密度2g/L的石莼和7.52g/L的海带是较好的养殖密度。与扇贝和文蛤比较,牡蛎具有较高的去除悬浮颗粒物的效率,可以在24h内除去养殖废水中93%的悬浮颗粒物。在20L养殖废水中投放1000g牡蛎和40g石莼组成的净化养殖废水的生物滤器对营养盐和悬浮颗粒物具有最好的去除效果,其去除效率分别为PO4P67.8%、NO2N60.2%、NH4N55.8%、NO3N59.0%和SPM82.5%。在20L养殖废水中投放1000g牡蛎和150g海带组成的生物滤器对营养盐和悬浮颗粒物的去除效果较好,其去除效率分别为PO4P62.6%,NO2N55.7%,NH4N46.0%,NO3N56.6%和SPM84.5%。Studies were conducted on the removal effects of macroalgae and bivalves on nu trients and suspended particle matter（SPM）in effluent water of marine culture. The results showed that the nutrient removal efficiency with Ulva pertusa and kelp were significantly better than those with Sargassum sp. and Sargassum thunbergii at the same experimental conditions. 2 g/L Ulva pertusa and 7.5 g/L kelp were more suitable culture densities according to the experiments. Compared to scallop and clam, oyster was much better in removal effect on suspended particle matter, 93% of SPM being removed from the effluent water in 24 h. 1 000 g oyster and 40 g Ulva pertusa in 20 L effluent water could form a ＂bio-purification implement＂ with best removal effect. The nutrients and SPM removal efficiency were as follows. 67.8% PO4-P, 60.2% NO2-N, 55. 8% NH4-N, 59. 0% NO3-N and 82. 5% SPM, respectively. Similarly, 1 000 g oyster and 150 g kelp in 20 L effluent water could also form a ＂bio-purification implement＂ with better removal effect. The nutrients and SPM remov PO4-P, 55.7% NO2-N, 46.0% NH1-N, 56.6% NO3-N and 84.5% al efficiency were 62. 6% SPM, respectively.

关 键 词：海水养殖 废水处理 贝类 藻类 营养盐 悬浮颗粒物 

分 类 号：P734.44[天文地球—海洋化学] S931.3[天文地球—海洋科学]