烷基季铵盐改性膨润土的膨胀性  

Distensibility of Bentonite Modified by Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Salts

作　　者：王景芹[1] 李丹东[1] 郑连波[1] 李建华[1] 申志兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《辽宁石油化工大学学报》2006年第3期27-30,共4页Journal of Liaoning Petrochemical University

摘　　要：用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和热重(TG)表征方法,考察了四甲基溴化铵(TMAB),四乙基溴化铵((Et)4NB),十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB),十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对膨润土膨胀性的影响。结果表明,不同季铵盐都已吸附到膨润土晶层间,短链季铵盐TMAB和(Et)4NB主要以单分子平躺在膨润土晶层之间,使膨润土的层间距比原土样降低,有很好的防膨作用。长链季铵盐DTAB和CTAB以假三层平卧、倾斜排列等方式排列,使膨润土的层间距比原土样增加,没有防膨作用。且膨润土对(Et)4NB和TMAB的吸附量低于DTAB和CTAB的。X - ray diffraction （XRD）, fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FT - IR） and thermogravimetry （TG） analysis methods were applied to investigate the distensibility of bentonite modified by tetramethyl ammonium bromide （TMAB）, tetraethyl ammonium bromide （（Et）4NB）, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （DTAB） and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB）. The results show that different quaternary ammonium salts is adsorbed on the layer of bentonite, short chain quaternary ammonium salts exhibits excellent anti - swelling effect. The arrangement model of TMAB or （Et）4NB is lateral - monolayer in the interlayer of bentonite, and the bentonite layer- spacing is decreased. Long chain quaternary ammonium salts make clay swelling, it increases the layer- spacing of bentonite, the arrangement model of DTAB or CTAB is pseudo - trilayer and inclination etc in the interlayer of bentonite. Bentonite adsorption amount of （Et）4NB or TMAB is less than that of DTAB or CTAB.

关 键 词：季铵盐 膨润土 层间距 防膨作用 

分 类 号：TQ050.42[化学工程]