液体阳离子醚化剂合成工艺的优化  

Optimization of synthetic process of aqueous cationic etherifying agent

作　　者：姜翠玉[1] 张春晓[1] 宋林花[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学化学化工学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第4期114-117,共4页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

摘　　要：阳离子醚化剂（CHPTMAC）是淀粉等天然高分子进行阳离子改性的重要单体。阳离子醚化剂产品溶液中副产物对下游产品性能有不同程度的影响。考察了双季铵盐对产品性能的影响。结果表明，当n（环氧氯丙烷）：n（三甲胺）=1．05，pH值为8．5，分段进行反应，10～15℃反应1h，35～40℃反应2h时，反应收率可超过97％，并最大程度地降低了双季铵盐等副产物的生成。合成得到的产品粗溶液采用真空恒沸载汽蒸馏的方法进行精制，精制后的产品中w（CHPTMAC）=69％，w（环氧氯丙烷）≤0．0005％，w（二氯丙醇）≤0．0015％，w（双季铵盐）〈1％。Cationic etherifying agent （CHPTMAC） is an important agent to etherify natural polymers such as starch, The by-product content in cationic etherifying agent has influences of different degree on the performance of downstream products. The effect of high content of diquanternary salt on the stability of the product was studied. The results show that the ratio of epichlorohydrin（ECH） to trimethylmine is 1.05, the reaction was carried out by one hour under the condition with the pH of 8.5 and the temperature zone of 10 - 15℃, and by two hours with the temperature of 35-40℃. The reaction yield was more than 97 % and the by-product content of diquanternary salt was lowered enormously. The product was purified by the method of vapor distillation in vacuum status. The optimal product was obtained. The mass fraction of CHPT- MAC is 69 %, the mass fraction of ECH, dichlorohydrin is less than or equal to 0. 000 5 %, 0.0015 % respectively, and the mass fraction of diquanternary salt is less than 1%.

关 键 词：3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵 阳离子醚化剂 环氧氯丙烷 双季铵盐 性能 收率 

分 类 号：TE665.5[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]