岩溶山区农业生态系统的能值动态分析  

Dynamic Analysis of Emergy for Agroecosystem in Karst Mountain Area

作　　者：卢远[1] 韦燕飞[2] 邓兴礼[2] 王娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]广西师范学院资源与环境学院,南宁530001 [3]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2006年第4期166-169,178,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40461001);广西青年科学基金项目(桂科青0542003)

摘　　要：以广西马山县为例．采用能值分析方法，研究了岩溶山区典型县域农业生态系统的能值动态变化。结果表明，1994～2004年期间，马山县的农业生态系统能值总投入呈现小幅下降，而能值总产出呈快速增长。其中能值投入以有机辅助能投入占绝对主导地位，由于劳动力和畜力数量减少，有机辅助能投入呈明显减少趋势；系统以外的工业辅助投能快速增长，主要表现在化肥、饲料投入上。能值总产出以种植业和畜牧业能值产出为主，畜牧业产出增长快速，其占能值总产出的比重增加；种植业增长缓慢，其占能值总产出的比重下降；畜牧业与种植业的耦合度有所增强，但对外依赖程度有增加；农业结构不甚合理．农业生产力仍比较低下，处于传统农业向现代农业发展的初级阶段；并据此提出了若干措施，以改善农业结构与功能，发展农业生产力，提高农业生态系统的整体效益。Masan county is located in central Guangxi, where is a typical region of the southwest karst mountain areas of China. In this paper, an emergy analysis method was used to evaluate the structure and function of agroecosystem in Masan county, Guangxi. The results showed that the total emergy input was slightly reduced, but the emergy outcome was rapidly increased in the local agro-ecosystem from 1994 to 2004. The organic emergy input reduced obviously with the decrease of agro-labour and animal power, but still was dominated in the emergy inputof agro-ecosystem. And the none-organic emergy from chemical fertilizer and pesticides was rapidly increased. The structure of system output emergy has changed from coexist by stockbreeding and planting to domi- nated by stockbreeding alone within the past 10 years. In addition,the coupled degree of the stockbreeding and planting, stockbreeding＇s dependence on external forage has strengthen slightly. In general,the emergy productivity of agro-ecosystem and the converting rate of the micro-economic value in this karst mountain county are still relatively low, which indicated that the development of agro-ecosystem was placed in an unstable and unsustainable status. Therefore, some strategies and suggestions were put forward to develop agro-ecosystem productivity, improve the structure and function of agro-ecosystem and enhance the comprehensive economic efficiency of agroecosystem.

关 键 词：岩溶山区 农业生态系统 能值分析 广西马山县 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]