应用显微外科技术治疗下肢动脉闭塞症  

MICROSURGICAL TREATMENT OF ARTERIAL OCCLUSION IN LOWER EXTREMITY

作　　者：蒋文萍[1] 赵少平[1] 刘德群[1] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市第二医院手外科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2006年第9期928-930,共3页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨下肢动脉闭塞症的血运重建方法及疗效。方法1998年7月～2005年3月，收治下肢动脉闭塞症29例。男22例，女7例，年龄22～86岁。其中血栓闭塞性脉管炎（thromboangiitis obliterans，TAO）9例，动脉硬化性闭塞症（arterial sclerosis obstruction，ASO）17例，糖尿病足（diabetic foot，DF）3例。左下肢17例，右下肢11例，双下肢1例。测定踝肱指数（ankle—branchial index，ABI）〈0．96例，〈0．523例。29例行彩色超声多普勒检查，其中ASO和DF患者均行MRA检查，提示动脉狭窄或闭塞部位：TAO股浅动脉下段3例，胭动脉5例，跖背动脉1例（双侧）；ASO髂总动脉2例，髂外动脉4例，股动脉10例，胭动脉1例；DF均为股浅动脉。15例行数字减影血管造影检查提示有合适的流出道。根据动脉狭窄或闭塞部位和程度分别对11例患者行一期深组动静脉转流术；16例动脉旁路转流术；1例曾在外院行股总动脉血管旋切成形术者，作截肢处理；1例曾在外院行血管支架植入及人造血管移植术者，行动脉旁路转流术。结果术后TAO患者坏死组织去除后2例创面Ⅰ期愈合，4例经换药后愈合，3例表浅坏死，坏死组织脱落后生长出正常组织；As0患者中14例创面Ⅰ期愈合，2例经换药愈合，1例曾在外院行血管支架植入及人造血管移植术者，术后血管闭塞，作截肢处理；DF患者中2例坏死组织去除后经换药愈合，1例术后症状加重，第2足趾进一步坏死后截肢。29例患者均获随访3个月～7年。术后疗效评价：治愈12例，明显改善10例，改善4例，无变化3例。ABI恢复正常12例，〈0．914例，〈0．53例。结论一期深组动静脉转流术和动脉旁路转流术是治疗下肢动脉闭塞症的有效方法，应用显微外科技术吻合血管可提高血管通畅率。Objective To investigate the procedure and clinical effect of revascularization for arterial occlusion in lower extremity. Methods From July 1998 to March 2005, 29 cases of arterial occlusion were treated by microsurgery. Of 29 cases, there 22 males and 7 females, aging 22-86 years, including 9 cases of thromboangiitis obliterans （TAO）, 17 cases of arterial sclerosis obstruction（ASO） and 3 cases of diabetic foot （DF）. The location was the left in 17 cases, the right in 11 cases and both sides in 1 case. All cases were inspected by color Doppler ultrasonic scanning before operation. The cases of ASO and DF were checked with MRA. The results of examinations showed that the locations of arteriostenosis and obstruction were ： in 9 cases of TAO, the distal superficial femoral artery in 3 cases, popliteal artery in 5 cases, bilateral dorsal metatarsal artery in 1 case; in 17 cases of ASO, common iliac artery in 2 cases, external iliac artery in 4 cases, femoral artery in 10 cases and popliteal artery in 1 case; and were all superficial femoral artery in 3 cases of DF. DSA examination confirmed that there was appropriate outflow in 15 cases. Basing on the location and extent of the arterial occlusion, 11 cases were treated by the primary deep vein arterializing, 16 cases by arterial bypass distribution and 2 cases of extensive common iliac arterial occlusion were amputated in the level of 1/3 distal thigh. Results The postoperative duration of follow up for all cases was 3 months to 7 years. In 9 cases of TAO, 2 healed by first intention after deterioration, 4 healed after changing dressing and 3 had fresh soft tissue growth after debrided superficial secondary necrosis. In 17 cases of ASO, 13 healed by first intention, 2 healed after changing dressing and 2 were amputated. In 3 cases of DF, 2 healed after changed dressing and debrided, 1 was aggravated with the second toe necrosis. Conclusion Performing primary deep vein-arteriolization and arterial bypass distribution is effective for treatment of arteri

关 键 词：动脉闭塞 动静脉转流 动脉旁路转流 

分 类 号：R654.3[医药卫生—外科学]