北京市海淀区33所大学新生的结核感染状况调查  

Investigation on freshmen's tuberculosis infection in 33 universities in Beijing

作　　者：郭建丽[1] 徐勤[1] 刘玉清[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学医院保健科,北京100084 [2]北京市海淀区结核病防治所

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2006年第5期355-358,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解大学生人群的结核菌素阳性率及卡介苗接种状况,为高等院校防治结核病提供科学依据。方法对2004至2005年北京市海淀区33所大学新生进行标准化结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验、胸部 X 线检查、人口学、社会学,结核感染流行病学特点进行调查分析。结果海淀区大学新生的总卡痕率为72.21%(75992/105239),城市学生的卡痕率(75.84%,57602/75948)普遍高于农村学生(62.78%,18390/29291),不同年龄学生的卡痕率基本接近,不同地区学生的卡痕率分布不一致。新生的结核菌素阳性率为51.99%(54719/105239),强阳性率为14.63%(15396/105239),城市学生的结核菌素阳性率和强阳性率(54.81%,41628/75948和15.37%,11675/75948)显著高于农村学生(44.69%,13091/29291和12.70%,3721/29291)。不同年龄、不同地区学生的结核菌素阳性率分布不一致,东北地区最高(72.10%,7746/10744),中南地区最低(41.50%,6560/15808)。有卡痕学生的结核菌素阳性率(62.49%,47489/75992)高于无卡痕学生(24.72%,7230/29247),有结核病接触史学生的结核菌素阳性率(60.75%)和显著高于无结核病接触史组(51.96%)。结论大学生是结核病易感人群,应强调对大学生结核病的早期发现,及时给予治疗,有效控制结核病在大学生中的暴发和流行。Objective To understand the immune level of the purified protein derivative （PPD） and the present conditions of the tuberculosis among the collegians. Methods Standardized tuberculin testing with PPD 5 IU, social-demographic and epidemiological feature of tuberculosis were conducted in 105 239 freshmen from 33 universities in Beijing. Results The scar rates of freshmen were 72. 21%. The rates coming from cities were higher than those from countries. The scar rates were near equal for freshmen in different ages. However the rates were different evidently with the region where the students come from. The scar rates of freshmen from cities were 75.84%. The scar rates of the freshmen from countries were 62.78%. Tuberculosis infection rate of the freshmen was 51.99% and the strong positive rate was 14. 63%. Tuberculosis positive rate of city students was obviously higher than that of rural ones. Tuberculosis positive rate of city students was 55.17% and the strong positive rate was 15.37%. Tuberculosis positive rate of rural students was 44. 69% and the strong positive rate was 12. 70%. There appeared great difference between them. Moreover, Tuberculosis infection rate was varied with age and region. The tuberculosis positive rate of students from north - east areas was the highest （72. 10% , 7 746/10 744） , and those come from the middle-north areas were the lowest （ 41.50% , 6 560/15 808 ）. The tuberculosis positive rate （62. 49% , 47 489/75 992） of the freshmen with the scar was higher than that of those without the scar （24. 72%, 7 230/29 247）. The tuberculosis positive rate of the freshmen having a touch with the tuberculosis cases （60. 75% ） was higher than those having not （51.96%）. Conculsions As students in universities are susceptible population of tuberculosis, it should be emphasized to find out tuberculosis in university and to treat them early for the purpose of preventing the episode and explosion of the disease.

关 键 词：结核 结核菌素试验 学生 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]