中华水韭松阳居群群落结构及其生境特征分析  

Community Structure and Habitat Characteristics of the Songyang Population of Isoetes sinensis

作　　者：徐燕云[1] 朱圣潮[1] 莫建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院生物系,丽水323000

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（农业科学版）》2006年第4期358-361,369,共5页Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science)

基　　金：浙江省教育厅项目(20051362);丽水学院科研重点项目(KY06009)

摘　　要：中华水韭(Isoetes sinensis)是国家一级重点保护植物,由于分布范围的急剧缩小,现已处于极度濒危状态。对分布于浙江松阳的中华水韭的自然环境进行了野外观察,测定其土壤含水量、有机质含量、pH值,以及植株和土壤中的总N、总P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Na、Al、Pb、Cd等元素含量。结果表明:中华水韭多分布于水流较缓的山溪淤泥和沼泽地中,分布地年降水量和空气湿度相对较大,土壤含水量在132%￣148%,pH值5.55￣5.78,电导率0.536±0.021ms·cm-1,有机质含量(9.60±0.21%);中华水韭对K、Ca、Mg、Fe和Zn的需要量较高,对Cu、Pb和Cd等重金属元素有一定的富集能力,中华水韭较适宜生长的环境条件为:土壤电导率较高,pH值微酸性,有机质较丰富,年降雨量和空气相对湿度较大。中华水韭种群处于濒危状态的主要原因是其生境的人为直接破坏,亟待加强保护研究。Isoetes sinensis is a species of primitive vascular plants classified in the subdivision Isoephytina and occupies a very important position in the evolutionary history of the Pteridophytes. In recent years, Isoetes s inens is has been declined rapidly in population quantity （number） and has even disappeared from many locations in China's Mainland. The species is now considered to be rare and threatened or endangered in China and is listed among first category protected plants.Natural environment of the growth of Isoetes sinertsis populations were investigated in Songyang of Zhejiang Provcince. The water content, organic matter content, conductivity and pH in soils, and the content of TN, TP, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Na, Al, Pb and Cd in soils and plants were determined. The results showed the Isoetes sinensis is always distributed in the silt of slow mountain stream and swamp where annual rainfall and air humidity are relatively high. 132%-148% soil watereontent, 5.55-5.78 soil pH, 0.536±02 ms·cm^-1 soll conductance, and 9.60% ±0.21% organic matter. This plant absorbed more K, Ca, Zn and Fe than other elements, meantime, the accumnlation level of Pb, Cu and Cd was higher, to which mere attention should be paid in cultivation. It is suggested that wetland habitats with sufficient rainfall and high relative humidity, and with soils of higher conductance, 5.0-6.0pH, are good for the cultivation of the plant. The species of Isoetes sinertsis has been endangered mainly because that its habitat had been directly destroyed by human. Isoetes sinertsis should be protected and studied urgently, and suggestions to protect Isoetes sinensis resources were also put forward.

关 键 词：中华水韭 生境 群落 濒危 

分 类 号：Q948.11[生物学—植物学]