高山型血吸虫病疫区疫水暴露与感染率关系  

Relationship between endemic water exposure and prevalence of schistosomiasis in mountainous type

作　　者：钟波[1] 张奕[1] 赖玉华 许发森[1] 尹洪智 杨羽[1] 吕旌乔[3] 邱东川[1] 赵一鸣[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病防治所,成都610041 [2]四川省凉山彝族自治州西昌市血防站 [3]北京大学第三医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2006年第9期1075-1077,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院资助项目(NIH1R01-A150612)

摘　　要：目的观察高山型血吸虫疫区疫水暴露与血吸虫感染率之间的剂量．反应关系，评价3项常用疫水暴露指标的优缺点和适用性。方法2001年11月在高山型血吸虫病疫区随机抽取1033名常住居民，采用Kato-Katz3片法和3送3检孵化法诊断血吸虫病感染。用回顾问卷方式法调查当年4～10月疫水暴露频次（频次），平均疫水暴露时间（指数A）和平均疫水暴露强度（指数B）。结果3项疫水暴露指标与血吸虫感染率之间均存在剂量．反应关系。在既往调查血吸虫感染率≥10％的自然村中，频次与感染率之间存在典型的剂量．反应关系（X^2趋势=17．76，P〈0．01），在感染率〈10％的自然村指数A与感染率的剂量．反应关系明确（X^2趋势=11．08，P〈0．01）。其他条件下疫水暴露指标与血吸虫感染率的关系呈波动状态，剂量．反应关系不明确。结论在高山型血吸虫疫区，频次可用于感染率较高人群的疫水暴露评价。指数A可用于感染率较低人群的疫水暴露评价。Objective To study dose-response relationship for endemic water exposure and prevalence of schistosomiasis of mountain type, in order to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of the 3 indexes of endemic water exposure. Methods One thousand and thirty three residents of the target population who were living around Qiong Sea were selected at random in November 2001. Three slices of Kato-Katz and 3 times Hatching for 3 stool samples to each residence were used to diagnosis schistosomiasis infection. The frequency of endemic water exposure（frequency）, the average time of endemic water exposure（ Index A）and the average density of endemic water exposure（ Index B）during April to October 2001 of the target population were studied by review questionnaire. Results The dose-response relationship was existed among three endemic water exposure and schistosomiasis prevalence. In formerly study, the typical dose-response relationship was existed （X^2= 17.76, P 〈 0.01 ）between frequency and prevalence in the natural village with schistosomiasis prevalence 〉 10 % ; the identical dose-response relationship was existed（X^2 = 11.08, P 〈 0.01 ）between Index A and prevalence in the natural village with schistosomiasis prevalence〈 10%. The dose-response relationship was not clear when the relation among indexes of endemic water exposure and schistosomiasis prevalence was fluctuation under other condition. Conclusion In the mountainous epidemic type of schistosomiasis, the frequency can be used for the endemic water exposure evaluation of the population with higher prevalence, index A can be used for the endemic water exposure evaluation of the population with lower prevalence.

关 键 词：疫水暴露 血吸虫病 高山型 剂量-反应关系 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]