两种圆柏属植物不同季节显微和超微结构变化与耐寒性的关系  

Seasonal changes in foliar micro-and ultra structure of two Sabina species and their relationships with cold tolerance.

作　　者：张有福[1] 陈银萍[2] 张满效[1] 陈拓[1] 安黎哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第8期1393-1397,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40301016);国家自然科学基金中国西部环境与生态科学重大项目(90302010);交通部西部交通建设科技项目;甘肃省科技攻关项目(GS022-A41-045);中国科学院西部之光;甘肃省自然科学基金项目(3ZS051-A25-067)共同资助.

摘　　要：以祁连圆柏和圆柏为材料,研究了圆柏属植物的抗寒性与解剖结构变化,以及淀粉与可溶性糖粉转化的关系.结果表明,祁连圆柏和圆柏叶片的上下表皮细胞外覆盖一层角质膜,叶肉细胞间隙大,形成发达的通气组织.在生长季节,二者叶绿体内均积累了很多淀粉粒,在冷冻休眠季节淀粉粒消失或变小,同时叶片可溶性糖分含量增加,祁连圆柏的可溶性糖分增幅高于圆柏;而休眠季节圆柏叶绿体受到低温伤害,脂质球数目增多,出现脂质小滴,部分叶绿体变形,祁连圆柏类囊体的结构受到影响较小,脂质球数量少,叶绿体形状没有发生明显的变化.因此,祁连圆柏和圆柏抗寒性与发达的通气组织和淀粉粒生长季节的积累有关,在低温胁迫下祁连圆柏叶绿体表现出高的稳定性,通过可溶性糖分的调节力强,耐寒性增强.In this paper, the foliar micro-and ultra structure of Sabina przewalskii and S. chinensis during growth and dormancy seasons was observed under microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the foliar soluble sugar content was measured, aimed to probe into their relationships with cold tolerance. The results showed that the foliar surface cells of these two Sabina species were covered with thick cuticular membrane, and the well-developed arenchyma appeared in the mesophyll. In growth season, starch grains accumulated in chloroplasts, but in dormancy season, the accumulated starch grains disappeared or diminished, while soluble sugar content had a larger increase. In wintertime, the chloroplasts of S. chinensis were injured, with some abnormal chloroplasts, increased plastoglobuli and some lipid drops, while those of S. przewalskii were not obviously injured. It was suggested that the cold tolerance of the two Sabina species was related to their well-developed arenchyma, accumulation of starch grains in growth season, and increase of soluble sugar content in dormancy season. S. przewalskii had more marked increase of soluble sugar content, and its chloroplasts were more stable than S. chinensis.

关 键 词：圆柏属 显微结构 超微结构 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S791.44[农业科学—林木遗传育种]