安徽省蜜蜂种群消长及其分布与自然环境的关系  

Relationships of bee population fluctuation and distribution with natural environment in Anhui Province.

作　　者：余林生[1] 邹运鼎[1] 毕守东[1] 巫厚长[1] 曹义锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第8期1465-1468,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：农业部畜禽种质资源保护项目(农财发2004[42]号);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(03041202).

摘　　要：2002～2004年，对淮北平原、江淮丘陵、沿江平原及皖西和皖南山区四大类型生态区域的蜜蜂种群数量动态与环境因子进行了调查．结果表明，复杂的自然环境与蜜蜂种群特性密切相关．皖南山区和皖西大别山区蜜粉源植物分别为46和37种，中华蜜蜂群体数量多，分布密度分别为2．01和1．95群·km^-2；江淮地区和淮北平原蜜粉源植物分别为17和12种，花期短而集中，且面积大，适宜于意大利蜜蜂采集与生产，中华蜜蜂群体数量少，分布密度分别为0．06和0．02群·km^-2．胡蜂捕食影响蜜蜂种群消长与分布．皖南山区、皖西大别山区、江淮地区和淮北平原，中华蜜蜂分别占本地区蜂群的41．5％、36．8％、3．1％和1．1％，意大利蜜蜂分别占本地区蜂群的58．5％、63．2％、96．9％和98．9％．In 2002 - 2004, an investigation was made on the bee population dynamics and its relationships with the ecological environment in four ecological regions of Anhui Province. The results indicated that in the mountainous areas of south and west Anhui, there were 46 and 37 species of nectariferous plants, and the distribution density of Apis cerena cerena population was 2. 01 and 1.95 colony · km^-2, respectively. In Jianghuai area and Huaibei plain, there were 17 and 12 species of nectariferous plants, which had concentrated and short flowering period and fitted for Apis meUifera Ligustica oysterring and producing, and the distribution density of Apis cerena cerena population was 0. 06 and 0. 02 colony · km^ -2, respectively. Bee population fluctuation and distribution was affected by wasp predation. The breeding proportion ofApis cerena cerena to local apis population was 41.5%, 36. 8%, 3.1% and 1.1%, and that of Apis mellifera Ligustica was 58.5%, 63.2%, 96. 9% and 98.9% in the mountainous areas of south and west Anhui, Jianghuai area, and Huaibei plain, respectively.

关 键 词：栖息环境 蜜粉源植物 胡蜂 种群消长 蜜蜂分布 

分 类 号：S891[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]