生活垃圾填埋场甲烷排放规律的短期监测  

Short-Term Monitoring of Methane Emission Regulation from a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

作　　者：高志文[1] 何品晶[1] 邵立明[1] 李国建[1] 俞觊觎[2] 郑学娟[2] 徐月恩[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]杭州市天子岭废弃物处理总场,杭州310022

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第9期1727-1731,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2001AA644010;2003AA644020)

摘　　要：为了解国内生活垃圾填埋场封场后的甲烷排放规律及其影响因素，以静态箱法测试了杭州市天子岭卫生填埋场封场后的甲烷排放情况．24h周期内，2个测试点甲烷排放速率均值的变化范围为3．67～36．65mmol·（m^2·h）^-1．2个测试点甲烷排放速率的最大比值为625，其差异可以根据覆土层厚度的不同得到解释．单点甲烷排放速率显示与大气压强和覆土层含水率的相关性，逐次回归结果分别为r^2=0．89（测试点1）和r^2=0．76（测试点2）．40d内甲烷排放速率为0．23～0．32mmol·（m^2·h）^-1（覆土层厚度相同点的均值），甲烷排放速率和大气压强无明显线性关系（r^2=0．15）。在某时段甲烷排放速率和覆土层含水率或温度具有显著的相关性，但在整个时段关系却不明显（r^2〈0．4）。在逐次回归公式中加入大气压强因素可以明显改善整个时段的拟合结果（r^2最大为0．73），表明甲烷排放速率受多个因素的影响，但不同阶段各因素的影响程度不同。To understand the regulation and influencing factors of methane emission from landfills in China, rates of methane emission from Hangzhou Tianziling municipal soild waste landfill were measured by static chamber technique. The emission rates ranged from 3.67 to 36.65 mmol· （m^2· h）^-1 on average of the two tested points （No. 1 and No. 2） during 24-hour cycle. The max ratio of emission rates between the two tested points was 625. The difference with the rates of the two tested points could be explained by the depth of the cover soils. Rate of methane emission from each point correlated with atmospheric pressure and water content of landfill cover soils, and the result from stepwise regression was r^2 = 0.89 for point No. 1, r^2 = 0.76 for point No. 2. Rates of methane emission varied from 0.23 to 0.32 mmol· （m^2 · h） ^- 1 on average in 40-day test （points with same depth of cover soils）. The low correlation （r^2 =0. 15） with atmospheric pressure showed that atmospheric presure was not the decisive factor. For rome time, emission rates correlated with water content or temperature of the landfill cover soils significantly, but not obvious （r^2 〈 0.4） during the whole monitoring time. When atmospheric pressure was included, the results of stepwise regression were improved significantly, which showed that methane emission rates were influenced by different factors, but the effect of each factor was not the same at a different time.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 甲烷排放 甲烷氧化 影响因素 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]