孕穗期土壤渍水逆境对冬小麦根系衰老的影响  

Effects of Waterlogging on Senescence of Root System at Booting Stage in Winter Wheat

作　　者：李金才[1] 魏凤珍[2] 王成雨[2] 尹钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《作物学报》2006年第9期1355-1360,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A);河南省重大科技攻关项目(0522010100)

摘　　要：以耐湿性不同的3个冬小麦栽培品种为试验材料，采用土柱栽培法，研究了孕穗期土壤渍水逆境对冬小麦根系生长发育、32P的吸收、分配及根系衰老的影响。结果表明，孕穗期土壤渍水逆境初期（0～5d），单株根干重略有增加；渍水5d后，根系干重、根系活力和根系SOD活性开始下降，根系质膜相对透性和膜脂过氧化水平（MDA含量）开始提高；渍水10d时，根系活力和根系SOD活性急剧降低，根系质膜相对透性和膜脂过氧化水平（MDA含量）快速增加；渍水20d时，根系活力和根系SOD活性降到最低，根系质膜相对透性和膜脂过氧化水平达到最高。随着渍水时间的延长，根系因缺氧呼吸而受害加重，这是导致受渍小麦早衰的主要生理原因。同时，孕穗期土壤渍水逆境严重影响根系吸收、运输和分配^32P的能力，从而加速了根系衰老。The effects of waterlogging to growth and development of root system at booting stage, 32p absorption and distribution, and senescence of root system were studied with soil column culture method, using 3 winter wheat cultivars with different waterlogging-resistance. Waterlogging at early booting stage （0-5 days after treatment） increased a little dry weight （DW） of root system per plant. Five days after treatment, the root dry weight, root system activity and SOD activity began to decrease, and the relative permeability of plasma membrane and membrane-lipid preoxldation level （MDA content） of root system rose. Ten days after treatment, the root dry weight, root system activity and SOD activity decreased sharply, while the relative permeability of plasma membrane and membrane-lipid preoxidation level （MDA content） of root system increased rapidly. Till the 20th day of treatment, the root system activity and SOD activity reached the lowest levels, and the relative permeability of plasma membrane and membrane-lipid preoxidation level （MDA content） reached the highest. With the process of waterloging stress, the root system was damaged even severely duo to anaerobic respiration, indicating the main physiological factor for wheat premature senescence. The results also showed that waterlogging affected 32p absorption, transportation and distribution in wheat at booting stage, and speeded up senescence of root system consequently.

关 键 词：小麦 孕穗期 渍水逆境 根系 衰老 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]