冬小麦节水高产灌溉模式研究初报  

Primary Report on Study of Irrigation Pattern for Water-saving and High-yield in Winter Wheat

作　　者：李寿山[1] 陈兴武[2] 赛力汗[2] 赵奇[2] 雷均杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农科院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆农科院粮作所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2006年第5期371-374,共4页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：十五"国家科技攻关(西部专项)项目"干旱绿洲区特色农业高效用水综合技术开发与示范

摘　　要：对新疆干旱绿洲灌溉区冬小麦进行了节水灌溉试验研究，研究了不同供水条件对产量及水分利用效率的影响，旨在为新疆冬小麦建立优化灌溉制度、提高水分利用效率和达到节水增产目的提供理论依据。试验结果表明，土壤水所占总耗水量的比例为27．8％～91．2％，灌水量所占总耗水量的比例在28.5％～68．0％，降水量所占总耗水量的比例为4．2％～88％。随着灌水次数和灌水量的增加，冬小麦利用土壤水逐渐减少。试验区春季灌二水的最佳组合为：拔节期＋扬花期灌水，组合处理产量为6813kg／hm^2，水分利用效率1．47kg／m^3；春季灌三水的最佳组合为：拔节期＋孕穗期＋灌浆期灌水，组合处理产量为7393．5kg／hm^2。水分利用效率1．40kg／m^3。In this paper, study on water- saving irrigation experiment of winter wheat in arid oasis area of Xinjiang was conducted. The impact of different water supply treatments on yield and water utilized efficiency （WUE） of winter, wheat was analyzed in order to provide a basis for establishing optimum irrigation mode which could increase the yield and improve water utilized efficiency.The experiment results indicated that the ratio of .soil water to total water consumption was at 27.8% - 91.2% ; the ratio of water volume irrigation to total water consumption was at 28.5% - 68.0% ; the ratio of the precipitation to total water consumption was at 4.2 % - 8.8 %. Along with the increase of times and water volume of irrigation, the water obsorbed by winter wheat was gradually decreased.The best irrigation conabination pattem at pilot area was that（ 1 ） At the beginning of spring, when the jointing and flowering stages started, two - irrigation was made, yield obtained by combination treatment was 6 813 kg/hm^2, water utilized efficiency was 1.47 kg/m^3; （2）At the beginning of spring , when jointing, booting and filling stages started, three - irrigation was made, yield obtained by combination treatment was 7 393,5 kg/hm^2, water utilized efficieney was 1.40 kg/m^3.

关 键 词：冬小麦 耗水 灌溉模式 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.110.71[农业科学—作物学]