库姆塔格沙漠综合科学考察成果初报  

Outcome and Scientific Significance of Integrated Investigation in Kumtag Desert

作　　者：俄有浩[1] 苏志珠[2] 王继和[1] 翟新伟[3] 刘虎俊[1] 唐进年[1] 丁峰[1] 张锦春[1] 廖空太[1] 郑庆钟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省荒漠化防治重点实验室/甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃武威733000 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [3]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2006年第5期693-697,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：甘肃省科研项目(QS041-C31-03)资助

摘　　要：库姆塔格沙漠地处塔里木盆地罗布泊地区南缘,南以阿尔金山为界,北抵阿奇克堑谷地,向东可延伸至甘肃省境内,总面积约2.29×104km2,是我国第六大沙漠。考察发现,库姆塔格沙漠气候极干旱,地表植被稀疏,野生动物极少,沙丘流动性大,沙丘类型多样,在其东北部分布着世界上独一无二的羽毛状沙丘。库姆塔格沙漠沙丘下伏地形复杂,沙漠腹地分布出露连续的地层剖面,其蕴藏着反映沙漠形成演化、气候变化与古疏勒河变迁的大量环境信息。开展库姆塔格沙漠综合科学考察,对揭示库姆塔格沙漠的形成与演化、古疏勒河变迁及其与罗布泊退缩的关系、以及西北干旱区气候与环境对青藏高原隆升和全球变化的响应具有重要的科学意义。同时,开展库姆塔格沙漠风沙活动规律、风沙危害的研究以及野生动植物的分布、生态习性等方面的科学考察,对保护世界级的敦煌自然与文化遗产、极干旱地区荒漠生态系统的生物多样性都具有重大现实意义。Kumtag desert in the south margin of Lop-Nur area of Tarim basin is bound by Altun Mountains in south and Aqik Valley in north, and reaches eastward Donghuang city of Gansu, covering an area of 2.29× 10^4 km^2. Kumtag desert is the sixth biggest desert in China. In investigation we found that there are many types of sand dunes, including the unique plumed dunes in the world. Kumtag desert are characterized by the quick mobility of sand dunes, the complicated dune-covered-landform, the extremely arid climate conditions and the sequential exposed strata which contain large numbers of information of memorizing the formation and evolution of Kumtag desert, climate change and the vicissitude of ancient drainage system of Shulehe River. To conduct integrated investigation is very significant to study the formation and evolution of Kumtag desert, the vicissitude of ancient drainage system of Shulehe River and the relationship with the shrink of Lop-Nur. It is also helpful to understand the response mechanism of climate and environmental changes in Northwest China to strong uplift of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and global change. In addition, it has the realistic significance to study the blown sand activities and blown sand hazard of Kumtag desert, to find out the distribution and habit of wild animals and plants, and to protect the natural and cultural heritage of Donghuang and the bio-diversity in arid desert ecosystem.

关 键 词：库姆塔格沙漠 综合科学考察 干旱地区 环境变化 地层剖面 羽毛状沙丘 敦煌 

分 类 号：P941.73[天文地球—自然地理学]