气态甲醛吸入染毒对小鼠水迷宫学习成绩及海马神经递质的影响  

Effects of Gaseity Formaldehyde Exposure on Performance in Water Labyrinth and Hippocampal Neurotransmitters of Mice

作　　者：杨在明[1] 袭著革[1] 杨丹凤[1] 张华山[1] 张伟[1] 刘焕亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2006年第5期402-404,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关项目资助课题(2001BA704B01);军事医学科学院创新基金资助项目(561)

摘　　要：目的探讨甲醛对小鼠学习记忆的影响,并通过测定单胺类神经递质及氨基酸类神经递质含量的变化初步探讨甲醛对学习记忆影响的机制。方法选择雄性昆明小鼠30只,随机分为对照组、1.34mg/m3染毒组、4.02mg/m3染毒组,每组10只,分别置于3个216L的透明玻璃柜中染毒,对照组通以室外洁净空气,1.34、4.02mg/m3甲醛染毒组分别通以1.34、4.02mg/m3的甲醛气体,每天染毒4h,共7d,测定染毒后小鼠在通道式水迷宫中学习成绩及海马神经递质含量。结果2个染毒组与对照组小鼠在水迷宫中的游泳时间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),甲醛染毒后第5天和第7天,4.02mg/m3染毒组小鼠游泳错误次数较对照组增加,均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);4.02mg/m3染毒组海马中5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)含量较对照组升高,均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);1.34mg/m3染毒组甘氨酸(Gly)含量较对照组降低,有统计学意义(P<0.05),各组小鼠海马中谷氨酸(Glu)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、氨基丁酸(GABA)含量差异无统计学意义。结论吸入甲醛可影响小鼠的学习记忆能力,这可能与海马神经递质含量的变化有关。Objective To study the effects of formaldehyde inhalation on spatial learning abihties and hippocampal levels of mice, and to explore the neurotoxic mechanism. Methods Three groups of male Kunming mice were exposed to different concentrations （0, 1.34 and 4.02 mg/m^3） of gaseity formaldehyde, 4 h/day, for 7 consecutive days,and their behavior when they learned to perform a water labyrinth task and hippocampal neurotransmitters levels were tested. Results There was no significant difference was seen in swimming duration among groups. While on days 5 and 7, mice in group of 4.02 mg/m^3 formaldehyde exposure made notable more swimming errors （P〈0.05）, and 5-HT, DA and NE levels significantly increased （P〈0.05）, 1.34 mg/m^3 formaldehyde inhalation resulted in a significant decrease in hippocampal Gly levels after 7 days of treatment （P〈0.05）, no significant difference in Glu, Asp and GABA levels were found compared with the control. Conclusion The results demonstrate that gaseity formaldehyde exposure may develop an adverse effect on the learning capacity of mice, this may be caused by hippocampal neurotransmitters levels alteration.

关 键 词：甲醛 迷宫学习 学习记忆 海马 单胺类神经递质 氨基酸类神经递质 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]