病毒学对分子生物学发展的贡献  

Contribution Made by Virology Toward Development of Molecular Biology

作　　者：张海龙[1] 张飞云[1] 董志[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100037

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第4期51-56,共6页Journal of Capital Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：北京市教委科技发展计划面上项目(KM200310028102)

摘　　要：本文通过回顾病毒学发展史上的重大事件,尝试从以下几个方面说明病毒学的新发现对分子生物学发展所做出的贡献:①噬菌体感染实验和植物病毒重建实验证明了核酸是遗传信息的载体;②逆转录病毒的发现使人们认识到遗传信息的流动不是单向的;③逆转录酶已经成为基因克隆中重要的工具酶;④朊病毒的发现使人们认识到蛋白质很有可能成为核酸之外遗传信息的载体,扩展了人们对中心法则的认识;⑤各种野生型病毒被改造成为基因工程载体,广泛应用于基因工程.Through reviewing the major events in the virology development history, this article attempts to state that the new discoveries of virology play an important role in the development of molecular biology. As follows, Blender experiment, as well as the plant virus recombination experiment, demonstrates that the nucleic acid is the carrier of genetic information. The discovery of retrovirus makes people realize that the flow of hereditary information is not one-way. Reversed transcriptase has been widely used in gene cloning. Prion gives people a surprise because it can reproduce without nucleic acid. It is likely that protein can also act as the carrier of hereditary information. Viral vector which is a modification form of wide-type virus has proved to be a kind of effective gene carrier in genetic engineering.

关 键 词：病毒学 逆转录病毒 中心法则 朊病毒 病毒载体 

分 类 号：Q939.4[生物学—微生物学] Q78