青藏高原对流时空变化与东亚环流的关系  

The Relationships Between Convection over the Tibetan Plateau and Circulation over East Asian

作　　者：张庆云[1] 金祖辉[1] 彭京备[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《大气科学》2006年第5期802-812,共11页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向性项目KZCX3-SW-226;KZCX3-SW-221;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目2004CB418303

摘　　要：根据1980~1998年逐日TBB和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,探讨青藏高原对流(TBB)时空分布与东亚环流及天气气候的关系。研究指出,青藏高原主体地区(28°N^34°N,80°E^102°E)的对流冬弱、夏强,存在显著的6月和10月突变现象。夏季亚洲地区最强的对流出现在青藏高原上空,呈现为高原西部(28°N^34°N,82°E^94°E)和东部(27°N^34°N,104°E^110°E)型。夏季青藏高原上空对流弱,850 hPa风场上高原南、北侧的东亚地区分别呈现西风距平,夏季中国易出现南北二条雨带;夏季高原上空对流强,850 hPa风场上的西风距平出现在东亚30°N附近,夏季易出现江淮流域雨带。夏季江淮流域洪涝年(如1980、1993、1996、1998年)与青藏高原东、西部对流同时加强有关;夏季江淮流域干旱年(如1992、1994、1997年)与青藏高原东、西部对流同时减弱有关。20世纪90年代,江淮流域洪涝与干旱事件频繁发生可能与青藏高原东、西部对流强度变化出现同位相的年代际变化趋势有关。This paper discusses the spatial and temporal characteristics of the convection over the Tibetan Plateau and its association with the circulation over East Asia based on the Black-Body Temperature （TBB） data of Geostationary Meteorological Satellite （GMS） from Japan Meteorological Agency （JMA） and the reanalysis dataset during 1980 - 1998 from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis project. It is found that the convection over main block of the Tibetan Plateau （28°N-34°N, 80°E- 110°E） is the strongest in summer and the weakest in winter. Meantime, the abrupt intensity change of convection over main block of the Tibetan Plateau occurs on early June and early October. There are two convection centers over the Tibetan Plateau in summer, one is over the western Tibetan Plateau （28°N- 34°N, 82°E- 94°E） and the other is over the eastern Tibetan Plateau （27°N - 34°N, 104°E- 110°E）. There is different annual variation in intensity of convection between the two patterns. The results of the study reveal that the flooding cases in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River valleys are associated with strengthening of the convections over the western and eastern Tibetan Plateau （for example 1980, 1993, 1996, 1998 ）. The drought cases in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River valleys are associated with weakening of the convections over the western and eastern Tibetan Plateau （for example 1992, 1994, 1997 ）. The link mechanism between the convections over the Tibetan Plateau and the circulation over East Asian is discussed.

关 键 词：青藏高原对流 东亚环流 洪涝 干旱 

分 类 号：P434[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]