AMDAR资料在天气预报中的应用  

Application of AMDAR Data to Weather Forecast

作　　者：黄卓[1] 李延香[2] 王慧[2] 李伟华[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学物理学院大气科学系,北京100871 [2]国家气象中心

出　　处：《气象》2006年第9期42-48,共7页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：中国气象局法规司"飞机测报在天气预报中的应用研究"课题资助。

摘　　要：使用国内的AMDAR资料对几次重大天气过程进行了动力和热力学分析研究。结果表明:飞机在航站上起降时探测的高时空分辨率的AMDAR资料与其它资料结合能够较连续地监视机场附近气象要素的时空变化特征,进而捕捉到一些常规观测资料难于发现的引发冰雹等强对流天气的中尺度天气系统。该资料对稳定性天气大雾的定点分析和预报,较之常规观测资料有更好的业务使用价值。该资料不仅可为制作定点的临近和短时预报提供精细的预报依据,而且可在一定程度上增强对灾害性天气的认知和预见性。Several major weather cases are investigated in terms of thermodynamics and dynamics using the domestic AMDAR （Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay） data. The main results are as follows： （1） The spatial-temporal variable characteristics of the meteorological elements around the airports can be continuously monitored by means of AMDAR data with high spatial-temporal resolution, which is obtained when airplanes are taking off and landing over airports, combined with the other meteorological observations, from which the mesoscale weather systems causing severe convective weathers such as hail can be found, but it is difficult to find from the conventional observations. （2） The AMDAR data are more valuable than those of conventional ones in analyzing and predicting the stable weather （heavy fog）. （3） The AMDAR data not only can provide fine indications for now-casting and very shortrange forecasting, but also can improve the understandings and predictabilities for the catastrophic weathers in some extents.

关 键 词：AMDAR资料 冰雹 大雾 应用研究 

分 类 号：P45[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]