中间相沥青基炭泡沫体的制备、结构及性能  

Preparation,structures and properties of mesophase pitch-based carbon foams

作　　者：沈曾民[1] 戈敏[1] 迟伟东[1] 刘辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学炭纤维及复合材料研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2006年第3期193-201,共9页New Carbon Materials

摘　　要：以合成中间相萘沥青为原料，采用加压发泡法制备孔径均匀的初生炭泡沫体，经700℃～1000℃和2300℃～2800℃热处理制备出炭化和石墨化炭泡沫体；以700℃炭化处理所得的炭泡沫体作为芯材制成夹芯复合材料。研究了原料性能、发泡以及热处理工艺参数对炭泡沫微观结构和力学性能的影响，考察了炭泡沫体夹芯复合材料的微波吸收性能。结果表明：发泡过程中保持均匀的温度场是制备孔径均匀的炭泡沫体的关键因素，压力是影响孔结构的主要因素。炭泡沫体的微晶结构、力学性能以及微波吸收性能沿xy和XZ面方向（分别表示垂直和平行于重力方向）具有各向异性。Nascent foams with uniform pore size were produced from naphthalene mesophase pitch in a high pressure chamber, they were carbonized and graphitized by heat treating to 700-1 000℃ and 2300-2800℃ to form carbon and graphite foams. The influence of the basic properties of the pitch, foaming and heat treatment parameters on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the foams were investigated. It was found that an uniform temperature environment is the key to the preparation of carbon foams with uniform pore size and that the foaming pressure is the main factor for the control of pore size. The microstructure, crystal structure and microwave absorbing properties of carbon foams exhibited an anisotropic characteristic in the xz- and xy-plane directions （parallel and perpendicular to the gravitational directions, respectively）.

关 键 词：中间相沥青 炭泡沫体 微观结构 力学性能 微波吸收 

分 类 号：TQ127.1[化学工程—无机化工]