互为热平衡的系统是否一定有相同的温度──如何正确理解热平衡定律  

IS THERE THE SAME TEMPERATURE FOR THE SYSTEMS IN THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM -How to understand the thermal equilibrium law

作　　者：张志远[1] 

机构地区：[1]达县师范高等专科学校物理系

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（自然科学版）》1996年第6期92-95,共4页Journal of Sichuan Normal University（Natural Science）

摘　　要：本文用微正则系统理论研究了处于热平衡下系统温度的涨落，得到了一切互为热平衡的系统只有在热力学极限情况下，才有相同的温度，为热平衡定律的成立加上了一统计性约束──系统包含大量的微观粒子或大量的自由度．The temperature fluctuations for the systems in thermal equilibrium are studied by the microcanoncial ensemble theory. It is obtained that in order to get the same temperature for the systems in thermalequilibrium, the condition of thermodynamic limit must be sutisfied. This is adding a statistical constraint to thethermal equilibrium law-the systems contain a large number of the particles or the degrees of freedom.

关 键 词：微正则系综 热力学极限 温度 涨落 热平衡定律 

分 类 号：O414.1[理学—理论物理]