化学消油剂在溢油污染控制中的应用及其今后发展方向  

Application and further development of dispersants in pollution control of oil spill

作　　者：赵玉慧[1] 张友篪[1] 孙培艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2006年第A01期97-100,共4页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目计划(2002CB412406);国家高技术研究发展项目(2003AA635180);国家海洋局重点科研课题(油指纹库关键技术研究)资助

摘　　要：简要综述了化学消油剂的作用机理及其发展历史,详细概述了溢油事故处理中使用消油剂的优缺点,特别介绍了学者们对化学消油剂的毒性效应的不同看法以及各国对使用消油剂的态度,并结合我国国情和海洋石油勘探开发现状,提出了消油剂使用和管理的具体改进措施,阐述了今后消油剂的发展方向。The mechanism and developing history of the chemical dispersants are briefly reviewed. The advantage and shortcoming of the dispersants are detailedly summarized. The different opinions among scholars about the toxicities of the dispersants and differ- ent attitudes among the governments towards the use of the dispersants in oil spill treatment are also introduced in this paper. The actual measures for the uses and administration of the dispersants are proposed based on the condition and the situation of oil exploration and exploitation offshore in our country. Furthermore, the directions on the development of dispersants are pointed out.

关 键 词：消油剂 溢油 污染控制 使用管理 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学] X55[理学—化学]