火箭助推器从芯级飞行器动态分离过程的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation the Process of the Rocket Booster Separating form Spaceship

作　　者：王巍[1] 刘君[1] 刘冰[1] 郭正[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学航天与材料工程学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《宇航学报》2006年第4期766-770,共5页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(90505003)

摘　　要：利用弹簧近似和网格重构相结合的非结构动网格技术,耦合求解Euler方程及弹道方程,时间方向采用四步Runge-Kutta方法,空间方向采用改进Barth和Jespersen限制器的通量分裂方法,数值模拟火箭助推器从芯级飞行器动态分离动力学过程。首先,计算单独芯级飞行器流场,与实验数据相比,符合较好;其次,计算火箭助推器和芯级飞行器组合体流场,得到分离前状态和气动力特性;在此基础上,比较采用弹簧和火箭作为控制力的两种分离方案,研究两侧火箭助推器分离不同步、攻角、侧滑角等因素的影响。研究表明,弹簧分离初期火箭助推器位移和姿态主要取决于弹簧控制力,弹簧全部断裂后气动力的影响加快姿态发散,在给定的设计参数条件下,可以实现安全分离;火箭分离存在复杂的喷流干扰,喷流对助推器的包裹作用使得分离初期自由来流影响较小;另外,分离过程对芯级飞行器的气动干扰不容忽视。Spring analogy and remeshing method for dynamic unstructured grids is used to solving the problem of rocket boosters separating from spaceship. The method couples Euler equation and 6DOF equation to simulate the separating trajectory. Solutions are advanced in time by a four-stage Runge-Kutta time-stepping scheme. The flow solver is an improved implementation of Barth and Jespersen＇ s unstructured schemes. The solution in this context can be broken naturally into three phrases. First part： Simulation the spaceship flow-field, which is greatly according with experiment results. Second part： Simulation the steady flowfield of the spaceship and booster, which gives the state before the separation simulated. And then simulation the spring-separated and the rocket-separated project, which gives different results of two boosters separation at the same time or different time in different attack angle and sideslip angle. The booster trajectory is primary determined by spring forces at beginning and aerodynamic forces at last in the spring-separated project, the booster can be released safely form spaceship; It can be concluded from result of the rocket-separated project that the disturbance in the flow-field caused by separating rocket weakens the influence of free stream And the spaceship forces fluctuation in different project cannot be disregard.

关 键 词：非结构动网格 多体干扰 助推器分离动态特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V430[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]