深圳市龙岗区中小学生伤害流行特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis of features of injury in primary school pupils and middle school students and influential factors in Longgang District,Shenzhen City.

作　　者：熊静帆[1] 杨力[1] 周海滨[1] 彭绩[1] 周华[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市慢性病防治院,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2006年第9期1693-1694,1737,共3页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市龙岗区中小学生伤害流行特征及影响因素,为开展伤害的预防与干预提供依据。方法以分层整群随机抽样的方法,问卷调查深圳市龙岗区486名中小学生过去1年中伤害的发生情况。结果伤害的发生率为25.47%,累计发生率40.00%;其中男生为27.63%(累计41.63%),女生为24.78%(累计38.05%),差异无显著性(P>0.05)。扭伤、跌倒/坠落、割伤/刺伤、碰撞/挤压和交通运输是最常见的伤害类型,除扭伤随年龄增长发生水平升高(χ2=4.740,P=0.029),其他各类伤害发生水平各年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。受伤部位依次为下肢、手指/脚趾、上肢和头颈部;伤害发生的地点主要在家或宿舍(40.74%)和学校(40.21%)。伤害多发生在体育运动(42.62%)和娱乐活动(19.67%)时。学生随年龄的增长对伤害的认知水平逐渐提高,但仍存在知信行脱节现象。结论伤害已成为影响龙岗区中小学生健康的主要问题,应针对其流行特征,制定预防与控制策略,开展健康教育,以降低伤害的发生。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristic and influence factors of injury in primary school pupils and middle school students in Longgang District of Shenzhen City, and provide the evidence for injury prevention and control. Methods The injury in 486 primary school pupils and middle school students were sampled and surveyed by tratified - cluster random sampling and questionnaire survey in the previous year. Results The injury incidence rate was 25.47%, and community incidence rate was 40.00% ,being 27.63% in male（ accumulated 41.63%, ） and 24.78% in females （accumulated 38.05% ）, without significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. sprain, fall down/crash, incised wound and traffic accidents were the common injuries. Sprain was increase with the increase of age （x^2 = 4.740, P = 0.029）, other injuries were not significant between different age group （ P 〉 0. 05）. Injured sites were lower limbs, finger/toe, upper limbs and neck. The common places of injury occurred were home/dormitory （40.74%） and school （40.21% ）. The injuries mostly happened in athletic sports （42.62%） and recreational activities （ 19. 67 % ）. The student＇ s cognition level was increased with the increase of age. Conclusion Injury is the major health problem affecting the health of students in Longgang District. Prevention and control measures be taken to reduce incidence of injury.

关 键 词：学生 伤害 流行病学 调查 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]