试论减压蒸馏的深拔  

DISCUSSION ON DEEP VACUUM DISTILLATION

作　　者：杨伯极[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化北京设计院,北京市100011

出　　处：《炼油设计》1996年第2期10-14,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：减压蒸馏深拔受原油热稳定性和减压塔真空度等操作条件的制约,是个复杂的系统工程。因此,深拔的程度宜根据原油性质和全厂加工流程而定。加工一般国内原油时,减压蒸馏重质馏分油切割温度为525～540℃,加工国外高硫原油时为565℃.提出了改进减压蒸馏实现深拔的设计和操作技术要点,包括防止油品裂化、实现全塔低压力降与塔顶高真空以及防止洗涤段结焦等,推荐了新型深拔减压蒸馏的流程。Deep vacuum distillation, being restricted by operating conditions such as the heat stability of crude and the vacuity of vacuum tower etc. , is a complicated system engineering. Therefore, the degree of deep distillation should be determined in accordance with crude property and plantwide process scheme. In general, when processing domestic crudes, the cutting temperature of heavy fractions in vacuum distillation should be 525 - 540℃, but that of when processing foreign sour crudes should be 565℃ . Key points in design and operation for improving vacuum distillation to realize deep distfllating including prevention of oil product cracking, realiation of low pressure drop in whole tower and high vacuity in top of tower as well as avoidance of coking in the washing stage etc. were put forward. New deep vacuum distillation, schemes were recommended.

关 键 词：减压蒸馏装置 馏出油 收率 减压蒸馏塔 裂化反应 

分 类 号：TE624.2[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]