运用新思想设计高精度数控导轨磨床  

High Precision NC Slideway Grinder Design with a New Concept

作　　者：闫占辉[1] 曹毅[2] 于骏一[3] 

机构地区：[1]长春工程学院,长春130012 [2]吉林省机电研究设计院,长春130012 [3]吉林大学,长春130025

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2006年第18期1876-1879,共4页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金："八五"国家科技攻关项目(85240801);国家火炬计划项目(99D231D6600168)

摘　　要：为消除导轨磨床的热变形,采用新思想设计出大型高精度数控导轨磨床———自准直导轨磨床。自准直导轨磨床的基本原理是通过降低床身和基础的纵向弯曲刚度,使床身和基础的重力变形自动补偿由于环境温度变化和磨擦热引起的热变形。有限元分析和10余年的实际应用表明:采用该思想设计的机床精度高、费用低,而且不需要恒温车间;用该思想设计的自准直导轨磨床,被加工件的线性误差小于0·003mm/m,而且加工精度长时间保持稳定。A new concept used for designing large-scale and high-precision NC slideway grinders （named self-collimation slideway grinders） was introduced to eliminate thermal deformation of them. Its principle was to make use of gravitational deformation of the machine beds and their foundations to compensate automatically for thermal deformation caused by environmental temperature fluctuation and friction heat between machine tables and machine beds, and also by means of decreasing longitudinal section stiffness of machine beds and foundations. Through FEM analysis and practice applications of more than 10 years, it is shown that they have advantages of high precision and low cost, moreover, no constant temperature rooms are required. The linearity error of parts machined with them is less than 0. 003mm/m, and the machining precision can almost keep constant for a long time.

关 键 词：导轨磨床 自准直 热变形 柔性 

分 类 号：TG502.13[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]