氮磷用量对杂种小麦C6-38/Py85-1群体生长及产量的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application rate on population growth and grain yield of hybrid wheat C6-38/Py85-1.

作　　者：张永丽[1,2] 李雁鸣[1] 肖凯[1] 王凤彩 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院 [2]山东农业大学农学院,泰安271018 [3]河北武强文博中学

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第9期1599-1603,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A07);河北省博士基金项目(98540173D);河北农业大学"9816科技计划"资助项目.

摘　　要：在大田条件下研究了不同氮、磷用量对杂种小麦群体生长及产量的影响．结果表明．在试验供肥范围内（N112．5～337．5kg．hm^-2，P2O5 90～270kg·hm^-2），杂种的群体总茎数（PS）、群体干物重（PDW）、叶面积指数（LAI）、光合势（PP）和作物生长率（CGR）均以低肥处理低．高肥处理的PS和PDW高于中肥处理，高肥处理的LAI、PP和CGR分别于挑旗、拔节和开花期之前高于中肥处理，之后低于中肥处理．在低、中肥处理下，杂种各生育时期PS的离中优势（Hm）为负值，高肥处理冬前期、拔节期、开花期和成熟期分别为6．3％、49．7％、4．2％和10．8％；LAI的Hm除灌浆期中肥处理比高肥处理高3．8％、PDW的Hm除成熟期中、高肥处理间差异不显著外，其余各时期两性状的优势值高肥处理均极显著高于中肥处理；PP和CGR的Hm均以低肥处理最低，分别于拔节至挑旗期和挑旗至开花期之前高肥处理高于中肥处理，之后中肥处理高于高肥处理．杂种的籽粒产量及其Hm均以低肥处理最低，中肥处理的产量比高肥处理高216．2kg·hm^-2；中肥与高肥处理之间产量的Hm差异不显著．This paper studied the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorous application rates （ 112. 5 -337.5 kg N· hm^-2 and 90-270 kg P2O5 · hm^-2） on the population growth and grain yield of hybrid wheat C6-38/Py85-1 under field condition. The results showed that the total number of population stems （ PS）, population dry weight （ PDW）, leaf area index （ LAI）, photosynthetic potential （PP） and crop growth rate （CGR） were the lowest under low fertilization rate （ 112. 5 kg N · hm^ -2 and 90 kg P2O5 · hm ^-2 ） , PS and PDW were higher under high fertilization rate （337.5 kg N · hm^-2 and 270 kg P2O5 · hm^-2） than under medium fertilization rate （225 kg N · hm^-2 and 180 kg P2O5 · hm^-2 ） , and LAI, PP and CGR were higher under high than under medium fertilization rate before flagging, jointing, and anthesis stage, respectively, but in adverse after these stages. Under low and medium fertilization rates, PS had no mid-parent heterosis （Hm ）, while under high fertilization rate, it had the positive values of 6. 3% , 49. 7% , 4. 2% and 10. 8% at before winter, winting, anthesis, and maturing stages, respectively. The Hm of LAI and PDW increased significantly with increasing fertilization rate, except that the Hm of LAI was 3.8% higher under medium than under high fertilization rate at filling stage while that of PDW had no significant difference between these two fertilization rates at maturing stage. The Hm values of PP and CGR were the lowest in the whole growth period under low fertilization rate, and lower before jointing-flagging and flagginganthesis stage but higher after these stages respectively under medium than under high fertilization rate. The grain yield and its Hm of the hybrid wheat were the highest under medium fertilization rate, lower under high fertilization rate, and the lowest under low fertilization rate. The grain yield under medium fertilization rate was 216. 2 kg · hm 2 higher than that under high fertilization rate, but its H had no significant diff

关 键 词：氮 磷肥用量 杂种小麦 群体生长 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]