基于遥感和GIS绿洲发育适度规模分析——以酒泉绿洲为例  

The Study on the Appropriate Size of Oasis Based on Remote Sensing and GIS——A Case Study of Jiuquan Oasis

作　　者：郭明[1] 李新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2006年第4期312-316,共5页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目(2003102);中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划"干旱区内陆河流域水问题基础研究项目(CXTD-Z2005-2)

摘　　要：绿洲规模扩张超过阈限,将会导致严重的生态环境问题。水是决定绿洲生态系统稳定性的关键因子,确定水量与适度绿洲面积的关系尤为重要。本文以典型农业型绿洲-酒泉绿洲为例,以研究区1986年Landsat TM和2000年ETM+数据为基础遥感数据源,结合相关社会经济统计数据,计算了该区基于生态需水的适度绿洲规模。结果表明,1986年实际绿洲面积小于适宜绿洲面积,绿洲还有扩张的潜力;但实际耕地面积已经大于适宜耕地面积;2000年,实际绿洲面积和实际耕地面积均超出了其适宜规模。1986年和2000年绿洲规模安全系数均为负值,而且2000年绿洲规模不安全性增大。在现状水资源水平下,绿洲内水量不能满足绿洲的生态需求,应协调绿洲生态用水和建设用水的关系,适当退耕还林还草。The unrestricted expansion of oasis would lead to serious environmental problems. Water is one of the key factors which influence the stability of oasis ecosystem, and it＇s important to research the relationship between the water quantity and appropriate oasis area. The goal of our study was to evaluate the appropriate oasis area basically keeping the natural ecological balance. The main data included Landsat 5 TM image in 1986, Landsat 7 ETM＋ image in 2000 and social statistical data. Results showed that： in 1986, the oasis area was less than the appropriate oasis size, reflecting that there is an capacity for the expansion of oasis, but the area of farmland has exceeded the appropriate farmland; in 2000, both the oasis area and the farmland area have exceeded the appropriate values which are the threshold keeping the natural ecological balance. During the period from 1986 to 2000, the security degree of oasis area decreased from -0. 137 to -0. 216 . Our results also indicated that the water quantity in Jiuquan oasis couldn＇t maintain the ecological balance. It＇s necessary to accurately allocate the use of the limited water resource in study area and return over-reclaimed farmland to forest or grassland in order to keep the sustainable development of jiuquan oasis.

关 键 词：GIS 生态需水 适宜绿洲规模 适宜耕地规模 规模安全系数 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]