秸秆深层覆盖对土壤水盐运移及小麦生长的影响  

Effect of Deep Straw Mulching on Soil Water and Salt Movement and Wheat Growth

作　　者：乔海龙[1] 刘小京[1] 李伟强[1] 黄玮[1] 李存桢[1] 李志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《土壤通报》2006年第5期885-889,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：河北省"十五"农业攻关项目(04220103D)

摘　　要：通过对秸秆不同覆盖方式的土柱模拟实验研究表明,秸秆深层覆盖在土壤中形成了一个毛细管障碍层,破坏了土壤毛细管的连续性,明显降低深层土壤水分蒸发,减少了深层土壤盐分向表层的运移;秸秆表层覆盖使土表与空气的接触面变小,利于土壤保水。深层秸秆结合表层秸秆覆盖对土壤的保水效果最好,而且抑制盐分的土壤表聚,减轻土壤盐分对作物生长的胁迫,降低土壤耕层的返盐,保证了作物正常生长。Soil column simulation experiments were used for the study on water and salt movement under different straw mulching ways. The results showed that water evaporation from deep soil layer was reduced significantly, and the movement of soil salt from deep layer to topsoil was also reduced, because the role of capillary in soil was destroyed by the deep mulch, which formed capillary barriers under plough layer. Straw mulching on topsoil decreased water evaporation, but the effects of maintaining water and restraining salt was not distinctly. Comparing with other treatments, deep straw mulch with surface straw mulch showe^l better effect on maintaining water and restraining the assembling of salt on topsoil. The deep straw mulch with surface straw much ensured the growth of crop due to the lower salinity condition in the plough layer.

关 键 词：秸秆 深层覆盖 表层覆盖 土壤盐分 毛细管 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学] S512.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]