棉花氮素营养状况的诊断研究  

Study on cotton nitrogen diagnosis with reflectance meter

作　　者：王晓静[1] 张炎[2] 李磐[2] 侯秀玲[1] 文启凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2006年第5期656-661,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：农业部948项目(2003-Z53);加拿大钾磷肥研究所项目(NMS-Xinjiang200201)资助

摘　　要：为进行棉花氮素营养诊断指标和追肥推荐,应用反射仪开展了不同氮肥用量对棉花倒四叶叶柄的硝酸盐浓度影响的研究。田间试验在新疆阿瓦提县丰收三场二连进行。设5个氮肥用量,分别为N 0、180、240、300、360kg/hm2。结果表明,畦灌条件下的陆地棉花期、花铃期和铃期的叶柄硝酸盐浓度和施氮量之间有显著正相关,用一元二次模型模拟氮肥与产量之间的关系,得到最佳经济施氮量为304 kg/hm2,对应的经济产量为2420 kg/hm2;初步确立花期和铃期叶柄硝酸盐诊断临界值分别为10463和6901mg/L。花期、花铃期和铃期时棉株叶柄硝酸盐浓度与产量间有极显著相关性。以此为依据,建立了棉花植株硝酸盐诊断的氮肥推荐模型,并根据该模型计算出棉花各生育期不同硝酸盐测试值所对应的氮肥追肥用量。Cotton plant nitrogen diagnosis and nitrogen fertilizer recommendation adapting nitrate concentration in the 4th expanding petiole as index was studied under field conditions. Reflectance Meter was used to measure nitrate concentration in petiole. The experiment was situated in Fenshou farm, Awati county, Xinjiang. Five fertilization rates （ N 0, 180, 240, 300, 360 kg/ha ） were set up fertilized with urea. The results showed that NO3^- concentration in the 4th expanding petiole at flowering stage; flowering and boll stage and boll stage was significantly correlated with rates of N applied. Using quadratic model simulating the relation between N fertilization and yield found that optimal economic N application rate was 304 kg/ha with the corresponding yield being 2420 kg/ha. The diagnostic critical value of NO3^- concentration were preliminarily set up as 10463 mg/L and 6901mg/L separately for flowing and boll stage; NO3^- concentration of cotton in primary growth stages were significantly correlated with lint cotton yield. Based on this phenomenon a cotton nitrogen fertilizer recommendation model was developed and the rate of nitrogen topdressing could be recommended consequently using this model.

关 键 词：棉花 叶柄硝酸盐 营养诊断 氮肥推荐 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]