盛铃期补施钾肥对不同群体棉花光合特性和产量品质的影响  

Effects of applying potassium fertilizer at peak bolling stage on cotton photosynthetic characteristics and its yield and quality under different population

作　　者：李伶俐[1] 马宗斌[1] 张东林[2] 杜远仿[2] 房卫平[3] 谢德意[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省开封县棉花办公室,河南开封475100 [3]河南省农业科学院棉花油料作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2006年第5期662-666,共5页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关资助(0322010800);河南省科技攻关项目研究(0424020023)资助

摘　　要：在大田条件下,采用随机区组设计,研究了中期（7月28日）补施75 kg/hm^2钾肥对去叶枝常规密度群体和留叶枝稀植大棵群体后期棉花叶片光合特性和产量品质的影响.结果表明,两种不同类型棉花群体中期补施钾肥,均能延缓叶片衰老,保持生育后期有较高的叶面积,并能显著提高棉花生育后期主茎叶片叶绿素含量、光合效率、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性Fv/Fo、实际光化学效率ФPSⅡ和气孔导度Cs;显著降低非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）,从而提高了后期群体和叶片对光能的利用;有效地增加了总铃数和铃重,使子棉产量提高8.9%～9.3%,纤维比强度增强.The effects of applying potassium fertilizer at peak bolling stage （28, July） on cotton photosynthetic characteristics and its yield and quality under normal density （3.75 × 104 plants/ha） removing monopodium and low density （2.25 × 104 plants/ha） retaining monopodium were studied under filed condition with random block design. The K application rate was 75 kg/ha. The results showed that applying potassium fertilizer at middle growing stage retarded leaves aging, remained higher LAI at later growing stage, significantly increased SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, PS ФⅡ activity （Fv/Fo）, actual photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ （Psn）, stomata conductance（Cs） and significantly decreased non- photochemical quenching coefficient （NPQ） in stem leaves at later growing stage for both cotton populations. As the resuit, light energy utilization efficiency of cotton population and leaves at later growing stage were enhanced, total bolls and boll weight were increased remarkably, cotton lint yield were increased by 8.9 %-9.3 %, and cotton fibers tenacity was improved.

关 键 词：钾肥 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 产量品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]