我院住院患儿抗生素使用现状和耐药性调查  

An investigation on the current situation of the use of antibiotics and drug resistance of in-patient children in our hospital

作　　者：陈彦香[1] 郝会芳[1] 孙霆芳[1] 谢振华[1] 赵舒斌[1] 杜龙敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区银川市第一人民医院,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2006年第5期12-14,共3页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

基　　金：宁夏银川市科技局资助项目(编号:05-1-56)

摘　　要：目的：探讨我院近年来住院患儿抗生素使用现状和细菌耐药的发生率。方法：利用我院信息中心，院感染科和中心实验室提供的数据和药敏情况，对2001年1月～2006年5月儿科、新生儿科9264例住院患儿进行回顾性调查，分析抗生素的使用现状和细菌的耐药性。结果：我院小儿抗生素的使用率平均为88．25％。使用率前4位分别为：头孢噻肟钠、头孢唑啉钠、氨苄西林和阿奇霉素。病原学送检率为38．89％，主要致病菌对常用抗生素多重耐药，小儿肠道感染以福氏志贺氏菌感染为主，对第三代头孢菌素的耐药率较高，葡萄球菌对青霉素一直耐药，对万古霉素敏感。结论：目前儿科医生对抗生素种类的选择比较慎重，抗生素的使用率和使用级别高，病原学送捡率低，细菌耐药性高。监控和规范小儿抗生素的合理应用非常重要。Objective： To probe into the current situation of use of antibiotics and drug resistance of bacteria in children. Methods： According to data and drug sensitivity situation provided by the information center, the department of the infection and central laboratory in our hospital, the rate of utilization of antibiotics was analyzed, based upon the different illnesses incurred to 9,264 child in-patients in the hospital from January 2001 to May 2006. For the cultured samples, the analysis of drug resistance of bacteria regarding the situation of drug sensitivity was made related to them. Results： The average rate of utilization was 88.25% in the recent 5 years for those in-patient children and newborns. For top ranked 4 kinds of antibiotics in powder and liquid go to cefotaxime sodium, cefazolin sodium, ampiciUin, azithrnmycin lactobionate. Pathogenic delivery rate for ex- amination was 38.89%. The principal pathogens showed multiple resistances to conventional antibiotics. The intestinal infection cultured bacteria were mainly Sh. flexneri, drug resistance to the third generation of cefs increase. Staphylococcus was always producing drug resistancc to penicillin and sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusions： At present, pediatricians are relatively careful about the choosing of antibiotics. The rate of utilization and the grade of antibiotics are in a high level. The delivery rate of pathogenic examination is low. The drug resistance has increased. Therefore, it is very important to monitor, control and normalize the use of antibiotics for children.

关 键 词：儿童 抗生素 耐药性 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]