大脑半球的分工与协同  

Function and cooperation of cerebral hemispheres

作　　者：曹京波[1] 张彤[1] 马越涛[1] 赵纯[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经内科,北京市100050

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第38期143-145,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:总结有关大脑分工与协同方面的研究现状,为失语症患者的康复训练提供理论指导。资料来源:检索Ovid1989-01/2004-01关于大脑半球功能侧化与协同的文章,检索词“brain,language”,“brain,hemisphere”,并限定语种为英语。检索中国医学期刊网关于大脑半球功能侧化与协同的文章,检索词为“大脑半球,分工;大脑半球,协同”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取有关大脑分工与协同方面的相关文献,然后筛除明显不随机临床试验的研究,对剩余的文献查找全文,进一步判断是否为随机对照试验。纳入标准为随机对照临床研究,不论采用单盲,双盲或非盲法。排除重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到14篇关于大脑分工与协同方面的相关文献,12个试验符合纳入标准。排除的2篇试验中,均为重复的同一研究。资料综合:过去认为利手是语言优势半球的外部标志,利手是随个体语言的发展而发展并在语言的调节下形成的,目前对这一观点存在争议。现在多数研究表明,大部分左利手者的语言中枢都在左侧半球,与右利手者一样,所以不能说利手是语言的外部标志。大量神经科病例证明语言优势在左侧大脑半球。大脑两个半球具有功能分工的特性,两半球对语言和非语言刺激的视、听诱发电位存在着差异,并且这种诱发电位大多是某种心理功能而不是刺激本身引起的。与语言有关的实验发现,右侧半球比左侧半球呈现较少的诱发电位。随着临床认识的提高和经典心理学的发展,大脑功能一侧化的概念逐渐被两侧大脑半球协同的观点代替,认为两侧大脑半球协同活动是完成心理活动的基础。结论:语言是人类特有的复杂认知心理活动,只有两侧大脑半球既分工又协同,才能完成这一复杂的活动。OBJECTIVE： To review the current study on the function and cooperation of hemispheres in order to provide the evidence for the rehabilitative training of aphasia patients. DATA SOURCES： An online research was conducted on Ovid database from January 1989 to January 2004 to identify the pertinent literatures about the function lateralization and cooperation of hemispheres by inputting the keywords of ＂brain, language＂ and ＂brain, hemisphere＂, and language was limited to English. Meanwhile, the Chinese articles were retrieved in Chinese Medical Journals with the keywords of ＂hemisphere, function＂ and ＂hemisphere cooperation＂. STUDY SELECTION： After the raw screen of the information, the pertinent literatures related to the function and cooperation of hemispheres were selected, and then the researches of unrandomized clinical trials were eliminated, finally the rest articles were looked up for full-texts to decide whether they were randomized clinical trial （RCT）. Selective standard： RCT, no matter single-blind, double-blind or nonblind. The duplicated research was excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： Twelve articles met with the inclusive standard from 14 articles about the function and cooperation of hemispheres, and 2 eliminated articles were the same investigation. DATA SYNTHESIS＂ It was a previous thought that handedness0 the exterior sign of language dominant hemisphere, developed along with individual language and formulated with language adjustment. At present there are some disputes about this standpoint. Many researches have found that most language dominant hemisphere are left in left-handedness person, which was same as those of right-handedness person, so we can not conclude that handedness is the exterior sign of language dominant hemisphere. A lot of cases With neurology have been proved that left hemisphere is the language dominant hemisphere. The two hemispheres have the their own functions, and they have differences in sight and hear evoked potentials which are brought

关 键 词：半球优势 大脑 语言 综述文献 

分 类 号：R338.25[医药卫生—人体生理学]