香港地区蚜虫物种多样性  

Species diversity of aphids in Hong Kong

作　　者：姜立云[1] 乔格侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所

出　　处：《生物多样性》2006年第5期392-399,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30570214);国家科学基金基础研究人才培养项目(NSFC-J0030092)

摘　　要：蚜虫是半翅目中一类体型较小的昆虫,广布于世界各地,其中绝大部分是农林害虫。目前,国内许多地区已开展蚜虫物种多样性和区系研究,但香港地区因蚜虫研究基础薄弱,至今尚未开展过系统研究。作者研究和整理了英国自然历史博物馆和中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆已有的香港地区蚜虫标本,并参考大量相关文献,从分类阶元、特有物种、动物地理区划和寄主植物四个方面分析了香港地区蚜虫物种多样性。研究发现香港地区已知蚜虫7科44属70种,分别占中国已知科、属、种的53.85%、16.60%和6.83%,多样性较为丰富,其中有香港地区特有种6种。香港地区在动物地理区划中位于东洋界华南区闽广沿海亚区,蚜虫物种以分布于东洋界、古北界+东洋界、东洋界+澳洲界成分为主。现记载香港地区共有蚜虫的寄主植物30科58属,其中蚜科的寄主植物最为丰富,其次为扁蚜科和斑蚜科;寄主植物中寄生蚜虫类群最多的3个科分别为:禾本科、桑科和樟科。虽然香港地区面积仅占中国总面积的万分之一,但该地区复杂的地形地貌、适宜的气候环境以及丰富的植被共同构成了有利于蚜虫生存的小生境,因此蚜虫物种多样性较高,这也是我国南方地区蚜虫物种丰富的鲜明体现。As a large group of Hemiptera, aphids are distributed worldwide, and most of them are pests. In China, aphid fauna of many areas, such as northwestern China, have been systemically studied. Hong Kong is an exception. Based on literature and specimens from the British Natural History Museum and the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we studied the species diversity of aphids in Hong Kong. The results showed that 70 species, 44 genera and 7 families of aphids are found in Hong Kong, accounting for 6.83%, 16.60%, and 53.85% of known aphid species, genera and families in China, respectively There are six endemic species in Hong Kong. Hong Kong belongs to the Oriental faunal region, and Hong Kong＇s aphid species mainly consist of Oriental, Palaearctic-Oriental, and Australian-Oriental components. The host plants of aphids include 58 genera in 30 families, among which Gramineae, Moraceae, and Lauraceae have the highest aphid diversity. Of the aphids, Aphididae has the most host plants, while Hormaphididae and Drepanosiphidae rank second and the third respectively. In general, although Hong Kong covers a small area of China, its diverse landforms, suitable climate and abundant vegetation provide many niches for aphids, which results in the rich diversity of aphids.

关 键 词：蚜虫 物种多样性 动物地理区划 寄主植物 香港地区 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]